Table 5.
Mediation effects of changes in negative psychosocial factors on the association between △SFUI (or △EFUI) and △Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (n=4237) using multilevel linear regression models. All models were adjusted by grade, academic performance and perceived study pressure.
| Model | β (SE) | P value | Mediation effect (the ratio of indirect effect to total effect) | ||||||||||
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Effect size (%) | Sobel Z | P value |
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| Model m1 |
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5.11 | 2.43 | .02 |
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△SFUIa | 0.07 (0.02) | <.001 |
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△Mother–adolescent conflict | 0.09 (0.02) | <.001 |
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| Model m2 |
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20.97 | 5.14 | <.001 |
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△SFUI | 0.06 (0.02) | <.001 |
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△Social nonconfidence | 0.36 (0.04) | <.001 |
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| Model m3 |
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25.33 | N/Ab | N/A |
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△SFUI | 0.06 (0.02) | <.001 |
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△Mother–adolescent conflict | 0.09 (0.02) | <.001 |
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△Social nonconfidence | 0.35 (0.04) | <.001 |
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| Model m4 |
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30.65 | 6.07 | <.001 |
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△EFUIc | 0.10 (0.04) | <.001 |
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△Social nonconfidence | 0.36 (0.04) | <.001 |
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aSFUI: Social Function Use Intensity.
bN/A: not applicable.
cEFUI: Entertainment Function Use Intensity.