Table 1.

Description of Study Methodology, Number of HCWs, Anxiety, Stress, Sleep, Depression Variables and Assessment Tools Used in Selected Studies

Study No	Author	Year	Methodology	Total No of Saudi HCW	Anxiety	Stress	Sleep	Depression	Assessment Tools Used
1	Arafa et al12	2021	Cross sectional survey	151	58.90%	55.90%	37.30%	69%	Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)
2	Almater et al13	2020	Online survey	107	46.70%	Low 28%, moderate 68.2%, High 3.7%	44.90%	50.50%	Nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), seven-item Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)
3	AlAteeq et al14	2020	Cross sectional survey	502	51.40%			55.20%	Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)
4	Alenazi et al16	2020	Online survey	4920	68.50%				Likert scale
5	Alzaid et al22	2020	Cross sectional survey	441	33.30%				Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7)
6	Al-Hanawi et al17	2020	Cross sectional survey	950	40.00%				Five scaled responses to construct a CPDI
7	Alqutub et al18	2021	Cross sectional survey	2094		27.60%		27.60%	The Kessler psychological distress scale (k10)
8	Al Sulais et al19	2020	Cross sectional survey	529	Worry 67.5%, Isolation 56.9%, fear 49.7%				Likert scale
9	Al Ammari et al20	2020	Cross sectional survey	1130	78.88%		85.83%	76.93%	9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7), and 7-item insomnia severity index (ISI)
10	Ajwa et al15	2020	Cross sectional survey	577	14%			7%	General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) and Patient’s Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)

Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus; SARS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; HCWs, healthcare workers; MERS-CoV, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus; WHO, World Health Organization; GAD-7, General Anxiety Disorder; PHQ-9, Patient’s Health Questionnaire; DASS-21, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21; PDI, Peritraumatic Distress Index.