Table 4.

A summary of notable telehealthcare technologies.

Research	Application	Methodology	Performance
[110]	Providing telehealthcare service using a chatbot	Artificial Intelligence Markup Language (AIML)	4.8 on a scale of 5
[111]	Collect data on potential COVID-19 cases using a chatbot	AI chatbot	Survey of usefulness: 92%
[117]	Performing teleoperated ultrasound examination with assistance of robots	MGIUS-R3 robotic ultrasound system, communication over 5G network	Tele-ultrasound examination performed successfully from 1479 km away
[118]	Performing tele-echography using robots to remotely examine lungs, heart and vascular system	MGIUS-R3 robotic tele-echography system, communication over 5G network	Tele-echography was successfully performed on a patient 700 km away and the patient’ lungs, heart, inferior vena cava and blood vessels in both lower extremities were examined
[119]	Developing a robotic system that can insert needles into blood vessels in order to draw blood or deliver drugs and other fluids without human intervention	Recurrent fully convolutional networks used to perform vessel segmentation, classification, and depth estimation on near-infrared (NIR) stereo images and duplex ultrasound (US) images to guide a 6-DOF robotic agent with a 3-DOF end effector	Successful cannulation was performed in an in vivo study performed on 20 rats