Table 3.

Summary of Recommendations for Future Research

Evaluation of lifestyle interventions with randomized controlled trials to identify the role of intentional weight loss and decreased visceral adiposity for improving CVD outcomes in obesity

Development of dietary interventions with large randomized controlled trials to identify healthful dietary patterns or personalized diets for CVD risk reduction in obesity

Development of upstream interventions for primary prevention and better treatment of obesity as a chronic disease among young patients with severe obesity

Identification of best practices for use of glucagon-like peptide agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors to reduce hospitalization for HF and cardiovascular death for patients with HFrEF and HFpEF with and without diabetes

Development of effective strategies for weight maintenance and improved functional outcomes as opposed to weight loss interventions in elderly populations at risk for HF

CVD indicates cardiovascular disease; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; and HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.