Table 2.

Means and standard deviations for caregiver and infant outcomes by treatment assignment at the three assessment time points

	Baseline				Infant age 6 months				Infant age 12 months
	Control n = 125		PFR n = 127		Control n = 122		PFR n = 122		Control n = 123		PFR n = 120
	M	(SD)	M	(SD)	M	(SD)	M	(SD)	M	(SD)	M	(SD)
Primary caregiver outcomes
Parenting sensitivity	34.16	(5.07)	35.10	(4.84)	32.38	(4.74)	33.86	(5.22)	35.32	(4.52)	36.73	(4.30)
Dyadic synchrony	3.85	(2.09)	4.66	(2.46)	5.31	(2.57)	5.43	(195)	5.98	(2.35)	6.45	(2.12)
Understanding of toddlers	49.97	(5.08)	51.33	(5.21)	50.17	(4.96)	52.07	(5.06)	48.67	(5.06)	51.84	(4.88)
Maternal confidence	4.19	(0.48)	4.23	(0.44)	4.36	(0.36)	4.44	(0.32)	4.36	(0.37)	4.40	(0.33)
Secondary infant outcomes
Difficultness	4.26	(3.02)	3.77	(3.22)	2.13	(2.05)	2.24	(189)	2.71	(2.37)	2.23	(2.02)
Externalizing behavior									62.54	(12.37)	59.24	(11.06)
Internalizing behavior									54.93	(11.48)	53.64	(10.82)
Dysregulation									55.33	(13.66)	54.82	(13.62)

Note. PFR = Promoting First Relationships. n = maximum sample size at each time point. Parent sensitivity was measured by the Nursing Child Assessment Teaching Scale observational tool. Dyadic synchrony and infant difficultness were measured by the Infant CARE-Index observational tool. Understanding of toddlers was measured by the Raising a Baby parent-report tool. Maternal confidence was measured by the Maternal Confidence Questionnaire parent-report tool. Infant externalizing behavior, internalizing behavior, and dysregulation were measured by the Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment parent-report tool.