Table 4.
Comparison of the present study findings with other studies from different countries on depression among IHD patients.
| First Author, Year | Location of Study | Setting | Sample Size (CAD Patients) |
Age, Years
(mean ± SD) or (range) |
Females,
n (%) |
Depression Assessment |
Symptoms of Depression,
n (%)* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present study | Jordan | Outpatients | 335 | 57.46 ± 10.69 | 83 (24.8%) | PHQ-9 | 144 (34%) |
| Al-Zaru et al., 2020 [30] | Jordan | Outpatients | 174 | 58.6 ± 10.2 | 84 (48.3%) | CDS | 93 (53.4%) |
| Alkafaji et al., 2020 [31] | Iraq | Inpatients | 120 | 20 - 80 | 44 (36.7%) | BDI | 58 (48.3%) |
| Shiotani et al., 2002 [32] | Asia | Inpatients | 1,042 | 63 ± 11 | (19.4 %) | SDS | 438 (42%) |
| Myers et al., 2012 [33] | Israel | Inpatients | 632 | 52 | - | BDI | 176 (27.8%) |
| Seecheran et al., 2019 [34] | Trinidad and Tobago | Outpatients | 1203 | 62.5 ± 13.1 | 632 (52.5%) | PHQ-9 | 301 (25%) |
| Sharma Dhital et al., 2018 [35] | Nepal | Outpatients | 168 | 53.01 ± 13.91 | 66 (39.3%) | HADS | 40 (23.8%) |
| Davidson et al., 2010 [36] | USA | Inpatients | 453 | 25 - 93 | 190 (42%) | Structured Psychiatric Interview | 109 (24.0%) |
| Ziegelstein et al., 2000 [37] | USA | Inpatients | 204 | 60 | 88 (43.1%) | BDI | 35 (17.2%) |
| Lauzon et al., 2003 [38] | Canada | Inpatients | 550 | 60 | 116 (21%) | BDI | 191 (35%) |
| Kuhlmann et al., 2019 [39] | German | Inpatients | 1,024 | 62.7 ± 10.2 | 197 (19.2%) | PHQ-9 | 463 (45.2%) |
* Number and percent of patients with depressive symptoms defined according to a determined cut-off point of the associated used depression assessment in each study.
Abbreviations: PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9 version; CDS: Cardiac Depression Scale; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory; SDS: Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale