Table 5.

Descriptive Statistics of Change from Baseline for Primary and Secondary Outcomes by Intervention Condition.

	HIV Intervention (N=52)		General Health (N=56)
	n	Mean (SD) or % Median (IQR)	n	Mean (SD) or % Median (IQR)	P-value¹	Effect Size²
Change from Baseline in Proportion of Condom Use for Vaginal Sex in the Past 3 Months
3 Months	16	0.21 (0.39) 0 (0, 0.50)	13	−0.02 (0.53) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.1976	0.06
6 Months	8	0.01 (0.35) 0 (0, 0.20)	6	0.22 (0.53) 0.07 (0, 0.67)	0.4655	0.04
12 Months	5	0.04 (0.43) 0 (−0.20, 0)	7	0.52 (0.41) 0.50 (0, 1)	0.0833	0.23
Change from Baseline in Number of Sexual Partners in the Past 3 Months
3 Months	32	0.22 (1.60) 0 (−1, 0.50)	23	2.35 (10.76) 0 (−1, 1)	0.6045	0.005
6 Months	13	−0.54 (0.97) −1 (−1, 0)	14	−0.57 (2.77) 0 (−1, 1)	0.2375	0.05
12 Months	11	−0.09 (0.94) 0 (−1, 0)	9	−0.56 (2.92) 0 (0, 0)	0.7307	0.005
Sex with More than One Person in the Same Day
3 Months	38	Yes to Yes 10.5% Yes to No 7.9% No to Yes 5.3% No to No 76.3%	31	Yes to Yes 22.6% Yes to No 16.1% No to Yes 3.2% No to No 58.1%	0.3360	0.23
6 Months	17	Yes to Yes 5.9% Yes to No 11.8% No to Yes 0%	18	Yes to Yes 27.8% Yes to No 0% No to Yes 5.6%	0.0832	0.41
12 Months	11	No to No 82.4% Yes to Yes 18.2% Yes to No 0% No to Yes 9.1% No to No 72.7%	11	No to No 51.4% Yes to Yes 18.2% Yes to No 18.2% No to Yes 9% No to No 54.6%	0.7470	0.32
Sex with More than One Person in the Same Month
3 Months	38	Yes to Yes 23.7% Yes to No 7.9% No to Yes 15.8% No to No 52.6%	31	Yes to Yes 45.2% Yes to No 12.9% No to Yes 9.7% No to No 32.3%	0.1851	0.27
6 Months	17	Yes to Yes 23.5% Yes to No 11.8% No to Yes 23.5% No to No 41.2%	18	Yes to Yes 44.4% Yes to No 5.6% No to Yes 5.6% No to No 44.4%	0.3784	0.32
12 Months	11	Yes to Yes 18.2% Yes to No 18.2% No to Yes 18.2% No to No 45.4%	11	Yes to Yes 45.4% Yes to No 18.2% No to Yes 18.2% No to No 18.2%	0.3971	0.34
Sex While Already in a Sexual Relationship with Someone Else
3 Months	37	Yes to Yes 8.1% Yes to No 13.5% No to Yes 10.8% No to No 67.6%	31	Yes to Yes 32.3% Yes to No 9.7% No to Yes 6.5% No to No 51.6%	0.0978	0.31
6 Months	17	Yes to Yes 17.7% Yes to No 11.8% No to Yes 11.8% No to No 58.8%	18	Yes to Yes 33.3% Yes to No 11.1% No to Yes 5.6% No to No 50%	0.8237	0.20
12 Months	11	Yes to Yes 9.1% Yes to No 18.2% No to Yes 18.2% No to No 54.6%	11	Yes to Yes 36.4% Yes to No 9% No to Yes 9% No to No 45.6%	0.5621	0.34
Change from Baseline in Alcohol Use Past 30 Days
3 Months	10	0.0 (0.47) 0.0 (0, 0)	8	−0.38 (0.74) −0.50 (−1, 0)	0.1604	0.10
6 Months	2	0.50 (0.71) 0.5 (0, 1)	6	−1.50 (2.17) −1 (−3, 0)	0.2857	0.18
12 Months	4	−0.25 (0.50) 0.0 (−0.5, 0)	5	−1.60 (2.41) −1 (−3, 0)	0.5000	0.05
Change from Baseline in Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days
3 Months	12	0.67 (3.28) 1 (−0.5, 2)	15	−1.53 (4.0) 0 (−3,0)	0.1012	0.10
6 Months	7	−1.0 (2.94) −1 (−4, 0)	8	−0.88 (1.96) −0.5 (−1.5, 0.5)	0.8014	0.004
12 Months	5	−0.4 (4.72) 0.0 (−5, 2)	4	−0.75 (1.71) −0.5 (−2, 0.5)	0.9603	<0.001
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Prevention Beliefs
Immediate Post	47	0.20 (1.15) 0.0 (−0.33, 0.67)	48	−0.11 (0.84) 0.0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.3265	0.01
3 Months	38	0.27 (1.23) 0.0 (−0.33,0.33)	33	−0.09 (0.83) 0.0 (−0.67, 0.33)	0.6942	0.002
6 Months	17	0.43 (1.30) 0.0 (−0.33, 1)	19	0.02 (0.93) 0.0 (−1, 0.67)	0.4731	0.01
12 Months	11	0.61 (1.39) 0 (0, 2)	12	0.0 (0.94) 0.0 (−0.67, 0.33)	0.3616	0.04
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Attitude
Immediate Post	43	−0.09 (0.94) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	46	−0.19 (0.74) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.4786	0.01
3 Months	38	−0.05 (0.8) 0 (0, 0.33)	32	−0.04 (0.81) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.9138	<0.001
6 Months	17	−0.29 (1.06) 0 (−0.67, 0.33)	19	−0.26 (0.56) 0 (−0.67, 0)	0.7820	0.002
12 Months	11	−0.39 (1.04) 0 (−1.33, 0.33)	10	−0.13 (0.82) 0 (−0.33, 0)	0.8858	0.001
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Availability
Immediate Post	45	−0.02 (0.79) 0 (−0.25, 0.5)	46	−0.24 (0.69) 0 (−0.75, 0.25)	0.1581	0.02
3 Months	36	0.03 (0.66) 0 (−0.5, 0.25)	30	−0.04 (0.90) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.7424	0.002
6 Months	17	0.09 (0.84) 0 (−0.25, 0.5)	17	0.06 (0.58) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.7941	0.002
12 Months	11	0.09 (0.80) 0.5 (−0.75, 0.75)	10	0 (0.71) 0 (−0.5, 0.25)	0.6966	0.01
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Hedonistic Beliefs
Immediate Post	43	0.17 (0.40) 0.17 (−0.17, 0.33)	44	0.10 (0.38) 0.17 (−0.08, 0.33)	0.8408	<0.001
3 Months	35	0.04 (0.30) 0 (−0.17, 0.33)	30	0.09 (0.40) 0.17 (−0.17, 0.33)	0.5161	0.01
6 Months	17	0.02 (0.34) 0 (−0.17, 0.33)	18	0.02 (0.41) 0 (−0.17, 0.33)	0.7395	0.003
12 Months	11	0.02 (0.46) 0 (−0.17, 0.33)	9	0.04 (0.48) 0 (−0.17, 0)	0.7850	0.004
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Impulsivity
Immediate Post	44	−0.19 (1.0) 0 (−0.67, 0.33)	45	0.12 (0.92) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.5863	0.003
3 Months	37	−0.23 (0.91) 0 (−0.67, 0.33)	31	0.08 (0.99) 0 (−0.67, 0.67)	0.2483	0.02
6 Months	17	−0.29 (1.24) 0 (−1.0, 0.33)	18	0.07 (1.21) 0 (−0.67, 1.0)	0.5237	0.01
12 Months	11	−0.27 (1.08) −0.33 (−0.67, 0.67)	10	−0.27 (0.98) 0 (−0.67, 0)	>0.9999	<0.001
Change from Baseline in Con idom Use Negotiation Beliefs
Immediate Post	42	−0.03 (0.83) 0 (−0.2, 0.2)	45	−0.13 (0.89) 0 (−0.4, 0.2)	0.6874	0.002
3 Months	34	0.16 (0.60) 0.20 (0, 0.4)	32	−0.11 (0.87) 0 (−0.7, 0.3)	0.0585	0.05
6 Months	17	0 (0.73) 0 (0, 0.4)	18	0.02 (0.86) 0 (−0.4, 0)	0.1832	0.05
12 Months	11	0 (0.46) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	10	−0.04 (0.82) 0 (−0.6, 0)	0.3212	0.05
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Self-Efficacy
Immediate Post	41	−0.01 (0.75) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	41	−0.14 (0.66) −0.08 (−0.42, 0.17)	0.4806	0.01
3 Months	34	0.12 (0.55) 0.08 (−0.08, 0.42)	29	−0.11 (0.71) −0.08 (−0.5, 0.33)	0.1339	0.04
6 Months	17	0.13 (0.71) 0.33 (−0.25, 0.5)	16	−0.04 (0.62) −0.12 (−0.33, 0.21)	0.2135	0.05
12 Months	11	0.11 (0.43) 0.25 (−0.33, 0.5)	10	0.02 (0.70) −0.08 (−0.33, 0.08)	0.2171	0.07
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Subjective Norm
Immediate Post	43	0.03 (0.90) 0 (0, 0.5)	47	−0.15 (0.95) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.3225	0.01
3 Months	38	0.20 (0.92) 0 (0, 0)	32	−0.09 (0.89) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.6821	0.002
6 Months	17	0.15 (0.90) 0 (0, 0)	19	−0.18 (0.97) 0 (−1, 0.5)	0.2548	0.04
12 Months	11	0.18 (1.06) 0 (−1, 1)	11	0.14 (1.38) 0.5 (−1, 1.5)	0.9472	<0.001
Change from Baseline in Condom Use Technical Skills
Immediate Post	41	0.0 (1.03) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	44	−0.14 (0.97) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.5131	0.01
3 Months	35	0.2 (0.81) 0 (0, 1)	32	−0.09 (0.89) 0.0 (−0.5, 0.5)	0.2420	0.02
6 Months	17	0.24 (0.79) 0.5 (0, 0.5)	18	−0.03 (0.88) 0 (−0.5, 0)	0.1529	0.06
12 Months	11	0.18 (0.51) 0 (0, 0.5)	10	−0.15 (0.97) 0 (−1, 0)	0.1492	0.10
Change from Baseline in Condom Knowledge
6 Months	17	0.14 (0.32) 0.2 (0, 0.20)	18	0.13 (0.31) 0 (0, 0.20)	0.6864	0.01
12 Months	11	0.05 (0.27) 0 (−0.2, 0.20)	12	0.12 (0.45) 0.20 (0, 0.20)	0.1978	0.07
Change from Baseline in Anger Inhibition Scale
Immediate Post	45	0.05 (0.60) 0 (−0.25, 0.5)	49	0.10 (0.49) 0.25 (−0.25, 0.5)	0.6647	0.002
3 Months	38	−0.01 (0.68) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	33	0 (0.52) 0.0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.9212	<0.001
6 Months	17	0.18 (0.56) 0.25 (−0.25, 0.5)	20	0.04 (0.47) 0.13 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.4959	0.01
12 Months	11	0.09 (0.82) −0.25 (−0.25, 0.5)	12	0.10 (0.60) 0.25 (−0.25, 0.5)	0.6834	0.01
Change from Baseline in Anger Dysregulation Scale
Immediate Post	46	0.04 (0.61) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	49	0.10 (0.48) 0 (0, 0.33)	0.7143	0.001
3 Months	37	−0.08 (0.58) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	33	0.09 (0.43) 0 (0, 0.33)	0.1064	0.04
6 Months	17	0.02 (0.48) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	20	0.02 (0.46) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.9630	<0.001
12 Months	11	0.18 (0.92) 0 (−0.67, 0.67)	12	0 (0.53) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	0.8771	0.001
Change from Baseline in Anger Coping Scale
Immediate Post	46	0.01 (0.47) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	49	0.07 (0.36) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.4386	0.01
3 Months	38	0.07 (0.47) 0 (−0.25, 0.5)	33	0.02 (0.38) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.7103	0.002
6 Months	17	0.28 (0.4) 0.5 (0, 0.5)	18	0.06 (0.48) 0.13 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.1458	0.06
12 Months	11	−0.16 (0.39) −0.25 (−0.5, 0.25)	12	0.06 (0.37) 0 (−0.25, 0.38)	0.1148	0.11
Change from Baseline in Sadness Inhibition Scale
Immediate Post	44	−0.02 (0.57) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	44	0.08 (0.60) 0 (−0.25, 0.38)	0.3965	0.01
3 Months	38	0.11 (0.64) 0 (−0.25, 0.5)	33	−0.03 (0.48) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.4629	0.01
6 Months	17	0.07 (0.65) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	19	−0.01 (0.52) 0 (−0.5, 0.25)	0.7722	0.002
12 Months	11	0.09 (0.63) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	12	0.17 (0.75) 0.13 (−0.5, 0.88)	0.8039	0.003
Change from Baseline in Sadness Dysregulation Scale
Immediate Post	44	0.17 (0.54) 0 (−0.33, 0.33)	44	0.27 (0.65) 0.33 (0, 0.67)	0.1913	0.02
3 Months	37	0.17 (0.51) 0 (0, 0.33)	33	0.14 (0.53) 0 (0, 0.67)	0.9855	<0.001
6 Months	17	0.16 (0.5) 0 (−0.33, 0.67)	18	0.15 (0.51) 0 (0, 0.67)	0.8646	0.001
12 Months	11	0.55 (0.65) 0.67 (0, 1)	12	0.11 (0.64) 0 (0, 0.5)	0.2304	0.06
Change from Baseline in Sadness Coping Scale
Immediate Post	44	0.06 (0.52) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	42	0 (0.51) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.6859	0.002
3 Months	37	0.08 (0.56) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	32	0 (0.42) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.6020	0.004
6 Months	17	0.32 (0.58) 0.20 (−0.2, 0.8)	17	0.02 (0.48) −0.2 (−0.4, 0.6)	0.2254	0.04
12 Months	11	−0.02 (0.68) −0.2 (−0.6, 0.4)	12	0.17 (0.67) 0 (−0.4, 0.7)	0.5578	0.02
Change from Baseline in Pro-Black Ethnic Identity Score
Immediate Post	45	0.13 (0.39) 0 (0, 0.29)	47	0.11 (0.48) 0.14 (0, 0.43)	0.4412	0.01
3 Months	38	0.10 (0.36) 0 (−0.14, 0.29)	32	0.04 (0.37) 0 (−0.14, 0.14)	0.6182	0.004
6 Months	16	0.11 (0.43) 0.14 (−0.07, 0.36)	20	0.14 (0.38) 0 (0, 0.29)	0.9356	<0.001
12 Months	11	0.14 (0.34) 0.14 (−0.14, 0.29)	12	0.23 (0.32) 0.14 (0, 0.43)	0.6874	0.01
Change from Baseline in Anti-White Ethnic Identity Score
Immediate Post	44	−0.07 (0.56) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	44	−0.06 (0.51) 0 (−0.38, 0.25)	0.8953	<0.001
3 Months	36	0 (0.48) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	27	0.03 (0.49) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.8935	<0.001
6 Months	15	−0.25 (0.64) 0 (−.05 0.25)	17	0.04 (0.48) −0.25 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.3480	0.03
12 Months	11	−0.05 (0.6) 0 (−0.5, 0.5)	11	0.02 (0.43) 0 (−0.25, 0.25)	0.8155	0.002
Change from Baseline in Racism Awareness Ethnic Identity Score
Immediate Post	42	0.07 (0.45) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	43	0.01 (0.55) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.9612	<0.001
3 Months	35	0.17 (0.5) 0.2 (−0.2, 0.4)	31	0.19 (0.58) 0 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.6888	0.002
6 Months	16	−0.05 (0.51) 0 (−0.4, 0.2)	19	0.29 (0.6) 0.2 (0, 0.6)	0.1096	0.07
12 Months	11	0.02 (0.53) 0 (−0.4, 0.4)	12	0.07 (0.42) −0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)	0.9015	0.001
Change from Baseline in Attitudes Toward Women Score
Immediate Post	40	1 (0.64) 1 (0.67, 1.46)	41	0.86 (0.83) 0.75 (0.25, 1.25)	0.1536	0.03
3 Months	34	0.01 (0.29) 0 (−0.17, 0.25)	27	0 (0.25) −0.08 (−0.17, 0.17)	0.6104	0.004
6 Months	15	0.07 (0.36) 0.17 (−0.17, 0.42)	14	−0.04 (0.27) −0.08 (−0.25, 0.17)	0.4187	0.02
12 Months	10	0.17 (0.42) 0.17 (0, 0.33)	11	−0.04 (0.32) 0 (−0.25, 0.17)	0.2730	0.06
Change from Baseline in HIV/STD Knowledge Scale Score
Immediate Post	45	0 (0.3) 0.06 (−0.17, 0.19)	45	−0.14 (0.26) −0.13 (−0.3, −0.02)	0.0011	0.12
3 Months	35	0.06 (0.16) 0.07 (−0.07, 0.14)	30	−0.05 (0.31) 0 (−0.29, 0.21)	0.2478	0.02
6 Months	17	0.07 (0.24) 0.14 (0, 0.21)	18	0.06 (0.24) 0.04 (−0.07, 0.21)	0.4455	0.02
12 Months	11	0.06 (0.16) 0.07 (0, 0.21)	12	0.09 (0.31) 0.14 (0.04, 0.21)	0.3534	0.04
Change from Baseline in PHQ-9 Score
Immediate Post	47	−1.06 (2.03) −1 (−2, 0)	51	0.10 (2.45) 0 (−1, 2)	0.0070	0.07
3 Months	38	−0.37 (2.52) 0 (−2, 0)	33	1.42 (4.93) 0 (0, 2)	0.0480	0.06
6 Months	17	−1.06 (3.77) −2 (−3, 0)	22	0 (3.53) 0 (−2, 1)	0.1582	0.05
12 Months	11	−0.27 (4.45) −2 (−3, 1)	13	0.08 (3.20) 0 (−1, 1)	0.4305	0.03

Note: SD=standard deviation; IQR=interquartile range

P-values are based on non-parametric exact Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact tests for categorical variables

Effect sizes are based on η² (eta-squared) for continuous variables (small: 0.01, medium: 0.06, large: >0.14) and Cramer’s V for categorical variables (small: 0.10-0.29, medium: 0.30-0.50, large: >0.50).