Table 5.
Associations between participant characteristics and mild sleep apnea syndrome (AHI ≥ 5 events/h and ESS >10).
| Characteristic | Male | Female | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No | Yes | OR (95% CI) | P | No | Yes | OR (95% CI) | P | |
| n, % | 1,092 (91.7) | 99 (8.3) | 1,423 (95.2) | 72 (4.8) | ||||
| Age, y | 58.0 ± 5.9 | 58.5 ± 6 | 1.035 (0.991–1.08) | .1255 | 57.7 ± 5.8 | 59.2 ± 5.2 | 1.096 (1.035–1.16) | .0017 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.1 ± 3.9 | 29.9 ± 5.1 | 1.053 (0.997–1.111) | .0617 | 27.9 ± 5.4 | 32.3 ± 6.4 | 1.09 (1.044–1.138) | <.0001 |
| Alcohol, glasses per week | 15.9 ± 15.0 | 14.5 ± 14.6 | 0.989 (0.974–1.004) | .1412 | 6.7 ± 8.3 | 5.8 ± 6.9 | 0.994 (0.963–1.027) | .7315 |
| Education | ||||||||
| Secondary school or less | 534 (90.1) | 59 (9.9) | 1 | 666 (94.2) | 41 (5.8) | 1 | ||
| Other educational institution (eg, TAFE, college) | 322 (91.5) | 30 (8.5) | 0.802 (0.496–1.298) | .389 | 458 (96.0) | 19 (4.0) | 0.634 (0.35–1.147) | .3166 |
| University | 236 (95.9) | 10 (4.1) | 0.405 (0.199–0.825) | .0254 | 299 (96.1) | 12 (3.9) | 0.739 (0.368–1.484) | .8282 |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| In paid employment or self-employed | 793 (91.3) | 76 (8.7) | 1 | 812 (95.1) | 42 (4.9) | 1 | ||
| Other | 74 (91.4) | 7 (8.6) | 0.654 (0.271– 1.578) | .6657 | 227 (94.2) | 14 (5.8) | 0.853 (0.433–1.68) | .3753 |
| Retired | 225 (93.4) | 16 (6.6) | 0.631 (0.323–1.232) | .5038 | 384 (96.0) | 16 (4.0) | 0.399 (0.188–0.845) | .0224 |
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Current | 86 (86.0) | 14 (14) | 1 | 110 (96.5) | 4 (3.5) | 1 | ||
| Ex | 507 (91.8) | 45 (8.2) | 0.374 (0.186–0.751) | .0451 | 577 (94.1) | 36 (5.9) | 1.378 (0.459– 4.138) | .2728 |
| Never | 499 (92.6) | 40 (7.4) | 0.374 (0.185–0.757) | .0491 | 736 (95.8) | 32 (4.2) | 0.915 (0.296– 2.828) | .4775 |
| Berlin questionnaire high risk | ||||||||
| No | 716 (95.2) | 36 (4.8) | 1 | 1,036 (97.6) | 26 (2.4) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 376 (85.6) | 63 (14.4) | 2.66 (1.637, 4.322) | <.0001 | 387 (89.4) | 46 (10.6) | 2.889 (1.656– 5.04) | .0002 |
| Sleepy driving | ||||||||
| No | 917 (93.4) | 65 (6.6) | 1 | 1,295 (95.9) | 56 (4.1) | 1 | ||
| Yes | 175 (83.7) | 34 (16.27) | 2.93 (1.83, 4.692) | <.0001 | 128 (88.9) | 16 (11.1) | 3.458 (1.824– 6.554) | .0001 |
AHI = apnea-hypopnea index, CI = confidence interval, ESS = Epworth Sleepiness Scale, OR = odds ratio, TAFE = technical and further education.