Table 4.
Diagnostic accuracy of the overall Berlin Questionnaire score and individual categories by sex, AHI ≥ 15 events/h.
| Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | Positive Likelihood Ratio | Negative Likelihood Ratio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Women (n = 214) | ||||||
| Overall Berlin Questionnaire index | 60.0%* [42.1%, 76.1%] | 72.6% [65.5%, 79.0%] | 30.0% [19.6%, 42.1%] | 90.3%* [84.2%, 94.6%] | 2.19 [1.53, 3.14] | 0.55 [0.36, 0.84] |
| Category 1: snoring | 60.0%* [42.1%, 76.1%] | 72.6% [65.5%, 79.0%] | 30.0% [19.6%, 42.1%] | 90.3%* [84.2%, 94.6%] | 2.19 [1.53, 3.14] | 0.55 [0.36, 0.84] |
| Category 2: sleepiness | 8.6% [1.8%, 23.1%] | 84.4% [78.2%, 89.3%] | 9.7% [2.0%, 25.8%] | 82.5% [76.2%, 87.7%] | 0.55 [0.18, 1.70] | 1.08 [0.96, 1.22] |
| Category 3: BMI or high blood pressure | 94.3%* [80.8%, 99.3%] | 25.1%* [19.0%, 32.2%] | 19.8% [14.0%, 26.6%] | 95.7%* [85.5%, 99.5%] | 1.26 [1.12, 1.42] | 0.23 [0.06, 0.89] |
| Men (n = 55) | ||||||
| Overall Berlin Questionnaire index | 17.6% [3.8%, 43.4%] | 71.1% [54.1%, 84.6%] | 21.4% [4.7%, 50.8%] | 65.9% [49.4%, 79.9%] | 0.61 [0.20, 1.91] | 1.16 [0.86, 1.56] |
| Category 1: snoring | 17.6% [3.8%, 43.4%] | 65.8% [48.6%, 80.4%] | 18.8% [4.05%, 45.6%] | 64.1% [47.2%, 78.8%] | 0.52 [0.17, 1.58] | 1.25 [0.91, 1.72] |
| Category 2: sleepiness | 11.8% [1.46%, 36.4%] | 92.1% [78.6%, 98.3%] | 40.0% [5.3%, 85.3%] | 70.0% [55.4%, 82.1%] | 1.49 [0.27, 8.12] | 0.96 [0.79, 1.17] |
| Category 3: BMI or high blood pressure | 64.7% [38.3%, 85.8%] | 42.1% [26.3%, 59.2%] | 33.3% [18.0%, 51.8%] | 72.7% [49.8%, 89.3%] | 1.12 [0.72, 1.74] | 0.84 [0.40, 1.76] |
*Indicates that the value is significantly different for females compared to males, P < .05. Numbers in brackets reflect 95% confidence intervals for each estimate. Sensitivity indicates percentage of those with the condition who are correctly classified as having the condition. Specificity indicates the percentage of those without the condition who are correctly classified as not having the condition. PPV indicates the percentage of those classified as having the condition who actually have the condition. NPV indicates the percentage of those classified as not having the condition who actually do not have the condition. The positive likelihood ratio indicates the probability of a person who has the disease testing positive divided by the probability of a person who does not have the disease testing positive. Then negative likelihood ratio indicates the probability of a person who has the disease testing negative divided by the probability of a person who does not have the disease testing negative. BMI = body mass index, NPV = negative predictive value, PPV = positive predictive value.