Representative examples of types of active extract samples. NF1-mutant astrocytoma cells expressing luciferase reporters for proliferation and cell viability were treated for 48 h with crude or partially purified (“prefractionated”) natural product extracts (10 μg ml−1). Open bars represent green signal (i.e., proliferative index), black bars represent red signal (i.e., cell health index). (A) Active fraction and inactive crude extract; (B) fraction and crude extract are active; (C) only crude extract is active; (D) toxic crude extract and active fraction *active sample (i.e., >80% reduction in cell proliferative index, <50% reduction in cell health index). Reprinted with permission from C. J. Henrich, L. K. Cartner, J. A. Wilson, R. W. Fuller, A. E. Rizzo, K. M. Reilly, J. B. Mcmahon and K. R. Gustafson, J. Nat. Prod., 2015, 78, 2776–2781. Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society.