Table 5.
Associations with turnout at the local-level from multivariate logistic regression model and marginal effects (n=799)
| Coefficient (se) | p-value | Marginal Effect | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||
| City (Ref=Minneapolis) | ||||
| Raleigh | −0.11 (0.20) | 0.584 | −0.02 | 0.583 |
| Education (Ref=Less than HS) | ||||
| High school degree | −0.10 (0.24) | 0.681 | −0.02 | 0.680 |
| Some college | 0.16 (0.26) | 0.548 | 0.03 | 0.547 |
| College degree or more | 0.03 (0.29) | 0.916 | 0.01 | 0.916 |
| Race (Ref=White) | ||||
| Black | 1.03 (0.24) | <0.001 | 0.22 | <0.001 |
| Native/Asian/Mixed/Other | 0.59 (0.31) | 0.052 | 0.13 | 0.050 |
| Age (Ref=18–29) | ||||
| 30–39 | 0.77 (0.23) | 0.001 | 0.16 | 0.001 |
| 40–49 | 0.86 (0.26) | 0.001 | 0.18 | 0.001 |
| 50+ | 1.43 (0.24) | <0.001 | 0.30 | <0.001 |
| Sex (Ref=female) | ||||
| Male | −0.57 (0.17) | 0.001 | −0.12 | 0.001 |
| Marital Status (Ref=Married/Partnered) | ||||
| Single | −0.05 (0.23) | 0.836 | −0.01 | 0.836 |
| Commute time (Ref=≤15 minutes) | ||||
| 16–30 minutes | −0.10 (0.19) | 0.610 | −0.02 | 0.609 |
| >30 minutes | −0.17 (0.21) | 0.400 | −0.04 | 0.399 |
| Working time (continuous) | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.374 | 0.00 | 0.373 |
| Household income (Ref=≤$5,000) | ||||
| $5,001 to $10,000 | 0.06 (0.23) | 0.780 | 0.01 | 0.780 |
| $10,001 to $20,000 | 0.05 (0.23) | 0.830 | 0.01 | 0.830 |
| More than $20,000 | 0.36 (0.25) | 0.141 | 0.08 | 0.139 |
| Self-rated health (Ref=Excellent/Very Good) | ||||
| Good | −0.02 (0.20) | 0.930 | 0.00 | 0.930 |
| Fair/Poor | −0.27 (0.22) | 0.222 | −0.06 | 0.220 |
| Physical Disability (Ref=No disability) | ||||
| Yes physical disability | −0.01 (0.26) | 0.9 77 | 0.00 | 0.977 |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) (Ref=<25) | ||||
| 25.0–29.9 | −0.03 (0.19) | 0.870 | −0.01 | 0.870 |
| 30+ | −0.49 (0.22) | 0.028 | −0.10 | 0.026 |
| Mental Disability (Ref=No disability) | ||||
| Yes mental disability | 0.06 (0.27) | 0.8 32 | 0.01 | 0.832 |
| Smoking (Ref=Current smoker) | ||||
| Never smoked/Quit | 0.49 (0.16) | 0.0 03 | 0.10 | 0.002 |
| Health Insurance (Ref=Uninsured) | ||||
| Any insurance | 0.46 (0.20) | 0.0 24 | 0.10 | 0.022 |
| Food Security (Ref=High food security) | ||||
| Low food security | 0.00 (0.21) | 0.988 | 0.00 | 0.988 |
| Very low food security | 0.11 (0.22) | 0.6 14 | 0.02 | 0.613 |
| Housing Security (Ref=Housing secure) | ||||
| Housing insecure | −0.12 (0.19) | 0.536 | −0.03 | 0.535 |
| Government Assistance (Ref=No assistance) | ||||
| Any government assistance | 0.07 (0.17) | 0.6 97 | 0.01 | 0.697 |
| Stress Scale (Ref=Low (0–6)) | ||||
| Medium (7–8) | 0.01 (0.19) | 0.960 | 0.00 | 0.960 |
| High (9–15) | −0.03 (0.22) | 0.906 | −0.01 | 0.906 |
| Constant | −1.69 (0.57) | 0.003 | ||
Notes: Table displays the results from a multivariate logistic regression model, showing all covariates, adjusting for city of employment. Table shows coefficients, standard errors in parentheses, and p-values with marginal effects and p-values. Commute time refers to the time it takes respondents to travel to their workplace. Working time refers to the number of hours respondents work per week. Any government assistance refers to anyone in the household receiving benefits from the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program; Woman, Infants, and Children program; free or reduced price school lunch; Minnesota Family Investment Program; or, State housing subsidies.