Table 3.
Study details for quantitative studies on BA for depression and anxiety (listed in alphabetical order)
| First Author | Year | Sample | Recruitment settings; Site | Index group & its composition | Intervention type | Primary target | Index Sample size | Mean Age | Female % | Comparator | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BA as standalone intervention (n = 3) | |||||||||||
| Goodyer*^ | 2017 | 470 | Clinic; UK | Brief psychosocial intervention comprising 12 elements | Treatment | Depression | 155 | 15.60 | 74 | Active (CBT, STPP) | Non-superior to both comparators |
| McCauley*^# | 2016 | 60 | Clinic; USA | BA comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 27 | 15.17 | 63 | Active (CBT/IPT) | Non-superior |
| Takagaki^# | 2016 | 118 | University; Japan | BA comprising 6 elements | Indicated | Depression | 62 | 18.23 | 39 | Clinical monitoring | Superior |
| BA in multicomponent intervention (n = 22) | |||||||||||
| Brent^ | 1997 | 107 | Clinic, Community; USA | CBT comprising 14 elements | Treatment | Depression | 37 | 15.70 | 76 | Active (Family therapy, non-directive counselling) | Superior than both active comparators |
| Burton | 2007 | 145 | School, University; USA | CBT comprising 11 elements | Indicated | Depression | 74 | 18.60 | 100 | Waitlist | Superior |
| Clarke^ | 1999 | 123 | Community; USA | CBT with adolescents comprising 17 elements | Indicated | Depression | 37 | 16.20 | 71 | Waitlist & Active (CBT with adolescents and parents) | Superior than waitlist comparator; valid equivalence with active comparator |
| CBT with adolescents and parents comprising 18 elements | Indicated | Depression | 32 | 16.20 | 71 | Waitlist & Active (CBT with adolescents only) | Superior than waitlist comparator; valid equivalence with active comparator | ||||
| Deady | 2016 | 104 | Community; Australia | Internet-based CBT comprising 10 elements | Indicated | Depression | 60 | 21.85 | 60 | Attention control | Superior |
| Ip* | 2016 | 257 | School; China | Internet-based CBT comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 123 | 14.64 | 70 | Attention control | Non-superior |
| Kobak^ | 2015 | 76 | Community; NA | Technology enhanced CBT comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 35 | 15.40 | 66 | Active | Non-superior |
| Lewinsohn* | 1990 | 59 | Community; USA | CBT with adolescents comprising 17 elements | Treatment | Depression | 19 | 16.15 | 62 | Waitlist & Active (CBT with adolescents and parents) | Superior than waitlist comparator; non-superior with active comparator |
| CBT with adolescents and parents comprising 18 elements | Treatment | Depression | 21 | 16.26 | 53 | Waitlist & Active (CBT with adolescents and parents) | Superior than waitlist comparator; non-superior with active comparator | ||||
| Ranney | 2018 | 116 | Clinic; USA | Text-based CBT comprising 7 elements | Treatment | Depression | 58 | 14.83 | 59 | Attention control | Non-superior |
| Reynolds | 1986 | 30 | School; NA | CBT comprising 9 elements | Indicated | Depression | 6 | 15.65 | 63 | Waitlist & Active (relaxation) | Superior than waitlist comparator; non-superior with active comparator |
| Rohde^ | 2004 | 93 | Community; USA | CBT comprising 17 elements | Treatment | Depression | 44 | 15.10 | 60 | Attention control | Superior |
| Rosselló | 1999 | 71 | School; USA | CBT comprising 9 elements | Indicated | Depression | 21 | 15.00 | 54 | Waitlist & Active (IPT) | Superior than waitlist comparator; valid equivalence with active comparator |
| Rosselló ^ | 2008 | 112 | School; USA | CBT comprising 9 elements | Treatment | Depression | 52 | 14.52 | 55 | Active (IPT) | Superior |
| Shirk | 2014 | 43 | Clinic; NA | CBT + Mindfulness comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 15 | 15.25 | 85 | Active (TAU) | Non-superior |
| Stasiak^ | 2012 | 34 | School; New Zealand | Computerized CBT comprising 9 elements | Treatment | Depression | 16 | 15.47 | 53 | Attention control | Superior |
| Stice | 2007 | 225 | School; USA | CBT comprising | Indicated | Depression | 50 | 18.40 | 70 | Waitlist & Active (Supportive therapy, Journaling, Bibliotherapy, Expressive writing) | Superior than waitlist comparator; valid equivalence with bibliotherapy; non-superior compared to other active comparators |
| TADS Team^ | 2004 | 439 | Community; USA | CBT comprising 10 elements | Treatment | Depression | 111 | 14.60 | 54 | Active (medication with CBT, medication alone) and Attention control | Non-superior to all comparators |
| Tandon | 2011 | 61 | Community; USA | Mother and Baby CBT comprising 7 elements | Treatment | Depression | 32 | 24.10 | 100 | Active (TAU) | Superior |
| Topooco* | 2018 | 71 | Community; NA | Internet-Based CBT comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 33 | 17.20 | 94 | Attention control | Superior |
| van der Zanden* | 2012 | 244 | Community; Netherlands | Internet-Based CBT comprising 6 elements | Indicated | Depression | 96 | 20.80 | 84 | Waitlist | Superior |
| Wright* | 2017 | 91 | Clinic; UK | Computerized CBT comprising 8 elements | Treatment | Depression | 25 | 15.50 | 73 | Attention control | Non-superior |
*Included anxiety as a secondary outcome, ^Included functioning as a secondary outcome, #Included activation as a secondary outcome, $ In all trials with non-superior outcomes, there were no statistically significant differences between the index and the non-evidence-based comparative group. None of the trials with non-superior outcomes used the inferiority design.
UK- United Kingdom, USA- United States of America, BA-Behavior Activation, CBT-Cognitive Behavior Therapy, IPT- Interpersonal Psychotherapy, TAU- Treatment as usual, NA- Not Available