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. 2021 Oct 7;9:150. doi: 10.1186/s40359-021-00655-x

Table 4.

Outcome of RCT index group in comparison to the other study groups

Type of comparator group No. of comparator groups Study Sample Superior/ equivalence – non-superior (n) Characteristic of intervention with superior/ equivalence outcome (n) Characteristic of intervention with non-superior outcome (n)
BA as standalone intervention (n = 3)
Waitlist/ no treatment/ attention control
Clinical monitoring 1 118 1–0 Indicated (1); Treatment (0) Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA)
Individual (1); Group (1) Individual (NA); Group (NA)
Duration: 35 days Duration: NA
Active treatment 3 530 0–3 Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA) Indicated (0); Treatment (3)
Individual (NA); Group (NA) Individual (3); Group (0)
Parent involved (3)
Duration: NA Duration: 84–140 days
Any comparator 4 648 1-3 Indicated (1); Treatment (0) Indicated (0); Treatment (3)
Individual (1); Group (1) Individual (2); Group (0)
Parent involved (3)
Duration: 35 days Duration: 84–140 days
BA in multicomponent intervention (n = 22)
No treatment/ clinical monitoring
Waitlist 9 897 9-0 Indicated (7); Treatment (2) Indicated (NA); Treatment (NA)
Individual (1); Group (8) Individual (NA); Group (NA)
Parent involved (2); Digital (1) Duration: NA
Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84)
Attention control* 8 1205 4-4 Indicated (1); Treatment (3) Indicated (0); Treatment (4)
Individual (3); Group (1) Individual (4); Group (0)
Digital (3) Digital (3)
Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–70) Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–84)
Active treatment* 18 1346 8-10 Indicated (5); Treatment (3) Indicated (3); Treatment (7)
Individual (3); Group (6) Individual (5); Group (5)
Parent involved (2) Parent involved (1)
Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–112) Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84)
Any comparator 35 2501 21–14 Indicated (13); Treatment (8) Indicated (3); Treatment (11)
Individual (7); Group (15) Individual (9); Group (5)
Parent involved (4); Digital (4) Parent involved (1); Digital (3)
Median Duration = 49 days (Range: 28–84) Median Duration = 56 days (Range: 28–84)

* For one trial, the intervention duration data was not available and another one explicitly stated that sessions were intentionally varied and, therefore, these two trials were not included in the calculation of median duration

NA Not applicable