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. 2021 Oct 6;598(7879):86–102. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03950-0

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a, Integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic datasets using SCF show consistent molecular cell-type signatures as revealed by a low-dimensional embedding in mouse MOp. Each UMAP plot represents one dataset. Colours indicate cell subclasses. b, Dendrogram of integrated human (hum), marmoset (mar) and mouse (mou) cell types based on snRNA-seq datasets (10x v3). Branch colour denotes confidence after 10,000 bootstrap iterations. c, Number of within-species clusters included in each cross-species cluster. d, e, For each cross-species cluster, correlations (d) and differentially expressed genes (Wald two-sided test, adjusted P-value < 0.05, fold-change > 4) (e) between pairs of species. Asterisks denote non-neuronal populations that were under-sampled in human. DE, differentially expressed. f, Venn diagrams of shared differentially expressed genes between species for L2/3 IT and L5 ET subclasses. g, Conserved and species-enriched differentially expressed genes for all glutamatergic subclasses shown in an expression heat map. h, Conserved markers of GABAergic neuron types across three species. Data may be viewed at NeMO Analytics. Marmoset silhouette is adapted from www.phylopic.org (public domain). Exc, excitatory; max, maximum; astro, astrocyte; endo, endothelial cell; oligo, oligodencrocyte; OPC, oligodendrocyte progenitor cell; PVM, perivascular macrophage.