Table 2.
Risk factors according to AKI (n=2025)
| Factor | AKI N (%) (n=396) | No AKI N (%) (n=1629) | P value§ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 234 (59.1) | 882 (54.1) | 0.076 |
| Female | 162 (40.9) | 747 (45.9) | |
| Birth weight | |||
| ≤ 2.5 kg | 268 (67.7) | 1245 (76.4) | < 0.001** |
| > 2.5 kg | 128 (32.3) | 384 (23.6) | |
| Gestational age | |||
| Term | 124 (31.3) | 448 (27.5) | < 0.001** |
| 29–37 weeks | 137 (34.6) | 957 (58.7) | |
| < 29 weeks | 135 (34.1) | 224 (13.8) | |
| Apgar score at 5 min | |||
| < 5 | 13 (03.3) | 33 (02.0) | 0.132 |
| ≥ 5 | 383 (96.7) | 1596 (98.0) | |
| Nephrotoxic medications | |||
| Aminoglycoside | 316 (79.8) | 1349 (82.8) | 0.159 |
| Vancomycin | 242 (61.1) | 455 (27.9) | < 0.001** |
| Ceftazidime | 54 (13.6) | 83 (05.1) | < 0.001** |
| Amphotericin B | 39 (09.8) | 33 (02.0) | < 0.001** |
| Loop diuretics | 124 (31.3) | 145 (08.9) | < 0.001** |
| NSAIDs | 82 (20.7) | 108 (06.6) | < 0.001** |
| Central line | 215 (54.3) | 450 (27.6) | < 0.001** |
| Umbilical atrial catheter | 118 (29.8) | 176 (10.8) | < 0.001** |
| Admission temperature < 36 | 192 (48.5) | 841 (51.6) | 0.262 |
| Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy | 05 (01.3) | 19 (01.2) | 0.874 |
| Necrotizing enterocolitis | 51 (12.9) | 85 (05.2) | < 0.001** |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | 88 (22.2) | 203 (12.5) | < 0.001** |
| Respiratory distress syndrome | 201 (54.3) | 687 (47.6) | 0.021** |
| Premature Rupture of Membrane > 18 h | 42 (10.6) | 154 (09.5) | 0.487 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhage | 47 (11.9) | 37 (02.3) | < 0.001** |
| Surgical intervention | 149 (37.6) | 234 (14.4) | < 0.001** |
| Mechanical ventilation | 252 (63.6) | 523 (32.1) | < 0.001** |
| Positive sepsis | 113 (28.5) | 212 (13.0) | < 0.001** |
| Epinephrine infusion | 85 (21.5) | 60 (03.7) | < 0.001** |
AKI Acute Kidney Injury; NSAIDs Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; GA Gestational age
§P value has been calculated using the Chi square test
**Significant at P < 0.05 level