Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Total (n = 45) | NaHCO3 (n = 15) | NaCl (n = 15) | Time control (n = 15) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | 62 ± 15 | 61 ± 17 | 61 ± 14 | 64 ± 14 | 0.9 |
| Males, n (%) | 35 (78) | 11 (73) | 14 (93) | 10 (67) | 0.2 |
| European descent, n (%) | 39 (87) | 13 (87) | 14 (93) | 12 (80) | 0.6 |
| Comorbidities | |||||
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2 | 21 ± 5 | 21 ± 6 | 22 ± 3 | 20 ± 4 | 0.6 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 137 ± 16 | 134 ± 10 | 126 ± 13 | 135 ± 22 | 0.3 |
| Use of RAS-inhibitors, n (%) | 39 (87) | 13 (87) | 12 (80) | 14 (93) | 0.6 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 7 (16) | 2 (13) | 2 (13) | 3 (20) | 0.8 |
| Laboratory data | |||||
| Plasma bicarbonate, mmol/l | 21.7 ± 3.3 | 20.8 ± 3.9 | 21.8 ± 2.9 | 22.4 ± 3.1 | 0.4 |
| Plasma potassium, mmol/l | 5.0 ± 0.6 | 5.1 ± 0.7 | 5.0 ± 0.6 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Plasma renin, ng/l | 41.8 (20.3, 119.4) | 31.0 (18.4, 64.0) | 75.2 (22.1, 130.4) | 41.8 (16.0, 126.1) | 0.5 |
| Plasma aldosterone, ng/l | 301 (175, 449) | 236 (188, 427) | 349 (155, 604) | 332 (169, 415) | 0.5 |
| Urine sodium, mmol/mmol Cr | 10.4 (8.8, 12.3) | 10.4 (10.1, 13.7) | 10.6 (8.5, 11.3) | 9.8 (7.8. 13.5) | 0.2 |
| Urine ammonium, mmol/mmol Cr | 1.2 (1.0, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.6) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.9) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.6) | 0.6 |
| Urine renin, ng/mmol Cr | 1.1 (0.7, 2.0) | 0.7 (0.5, 1.5) | 1.1 (0.7, 2.1) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.1) | 0.5 |
| Urine aldosterone, ng/mmol Cr | 352 (272, 492) | 337 (267, 632) | 335 (289, 443) | 353 (269, 461) | 0.8 |
| Urine angiotensinogen, µg/mmol Cr | 3.4 (0.9, 14.5) | 2.0 (0.6, 26.8) | 7.1 (1.5, 12.3) | 2.0 (1.2, 12.6) | 0.9 |
| Urine endothelin-1, ng/mmol Cr | 0.02 (0.01, 0.05) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.13) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | 0.02 (0.02, 0.05) | 0.3 |
| Urine albumin, mg/mmol Cr | 30 (5, 102) | 30 (7, 93) | 39 (6, 87) | 16 (4, 96) | 0.8 |
| Urine α1-microglobulin, mg/mmol Cr | 3.6 (2.0, 5.3) | 3.9 (1.9, 6.4) | 2.8 (2.2, 4.0) | 3.8 (1.9, 6.2) | 0.5 |
Cr creatinine, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, NaCl sodium chloride, NaHCO3 sodium bicarbonate, RAS renin-angiotensin system