Table 3.
Comparison between responders and non-responders
| Baseline | Overall n = 39§ | Responder n = 29 (74.4%) |
Non responder n = 10 (34.5%) |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 59.9 ± 14.01 | 64.8 ± 15.04 | p = 0.380 | |
| Male gender | 22; 75.9% | 8; 80% | p = 1.000 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 30.53 ± 5.73 | 31.19 ± 4.75 | p = 0.723 | |
| Race: Caucasian | 27; 93.1% | 9; 90% | p = 1.000 | |
| Smoking | 13; 44.8% | 5; 50% | p = 1.000 | |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 48.31 ± 29.49 | 41.3 ± 22.2 | p = 0.440 | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 20; 69% | 9; 90% | p = 0.402 | |
| Stage III CKD | 12;41.4% | 6; 60% | p = 0.465 | |
| Stage IV CKD | 4; 13.8% | 3; 30% | p = 0.344 | |
| Stage V CKD | 4; 13.8% | 0 | p = 0.556 | |
| Diabetes, Type 2 | 15; 51.7% | 6; 60% | p = 0.726 | |
| Isolated systolic hypertension | 14; 48.3% | 9; 90% | p = 0.028 | |
| Family history of hypertension | 15; 51.7% | 2; 20% | p = 0.140 | |
| Peripheral artery disease | 8; 27.6% | 5; 50% | p = 0.253 | |
| History of cardiac disease | 7; 24.1% | 5; 50% | p = 0.232 | |
| COPD | 7; 24.1% | 1; 10% | p = 0.653 | |
| Obstructive sleep apnea | 3; 10.3% | 2; 20% | p = 0.587 | |
| Antihypertensive medications (baseline) | 5.41 ± 1.01* | 5.22 ± 1.21 | p = 0.745 | |
| Antihypertensive medications (3–6 months) | 5.30 ± 1.02 | 5.00 ± 1.31 | p = 0.304 | |
| Antihypertensive medications (12 months) | 5.14 ± 1.04* | 4.86 ± 1.07 | p = 0.558 | |
| Blood pressure | ||||
| Office-SBP (mmHg) | 164.93 ± 27.27 | 146.2 ± 14.03 | p = 0.002 | |
| Office-DBP (mmHg) | 88.14 ± 15 | 76.1 ± 12.06 | p = 0.029 | |
| Office Pulse Pressure (mmHg) | 76.8 ± 27.7 | 70.1 ± 17.9 | p = 0.481 | |
| 24-h SBP (mmHg) | n = 24 | 162.35 ± 19.57 | 137.86 ± 12.6 | p = 0.009 |
| 24-h DBP (mmHg) | 90.82 ± 12.3 | 76.14 ± 13.2 | p = 0.019 | |
| 24-ABPM Pulse Pressure(mmHg) | 71.5 ± 18.1 | 61.7 ± 9.9 | p = 0.105 | |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 70.07 ± 11.11 | 63.3 ± 7.01 | p = 0.034 | |
| Echocardiogram | ||||
| LV EF (%) | n = 28 | 58.26 ± 7.61 | 52.11 ± 11.43 | p = 0.169 |
| LV VTD (mL/mq) | n = 25 | 73.71 ± 24.17 | 60.38 ± 22.88 | p = 0.203 |
| Interventricular septum (mm) | n = 24 | 13.76 ± 2.63 | 14.57 ± 3.69 | p = 0.612 |
| Left atrial volume (mL/mq) | n = 26 | 45.43 ± 11.12 | 43.59 ± 11.72 | p = 0.703 |
| E/E′ | n = 20 | 10.54 ± 2.5 | 14.43 ± 3.55 | p = 0.029 |
| e/a | n = 21 | 1.08 ± 0.56 | 1.36 ± 0.82 | p = 0.401 |
| Procedural details | ||||
| Spyral™ catheter | 25; 86.2% | 8; 80% | p = 0.636 | |
| Ablation points (right-left) | 36.41 ± 15.79 | 34.4 ± 17.9 | p = 0.757 | |
| Main vessel treatment only | 4; 13.7% | 2; 20% | p = 0.636 | |
| Main vessel + any branch treatment | 25; 86.2% | 8; 80% | p = 0.639 | |
| Treatment time (min) | 53.34 ± 12.02 | 50.8 ± 18.9 | p = 0.697 | |
| Radioscopy duration (min) | 12.55 ± 4.7 | 11.67 ± 4.87 | p = 0.639 | |
| Contrast volume (mL) | 71 ± 29.55 | 77 ± 63.08 | p = 0.078 | |
| Major procedural complication | 0 | 0 | – | |
| Minor procedural complication | 4; 13.8% | 2;20% | p = 0.636 | |
| Transient increment of creatinine | 2; 6.9% | 2; 20% | p = 0.267 | |
| Groin hematoma | 2; 6.9% | 0 | p = 1.000 |
BMI Body mass index, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DBP diastolic arterial pressure, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, IVS interventricular septum, LA left atrial, LV EDV left ventricle end diastolic volume, LV EF left ventricle ejection fraction, PAD peripheral artery disease
*p = 0.01
§One patient lost to follow-up