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. 2021 Sep 23;8:734838. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.734838

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Copyright © 2021 Hashimoto, Yoshizaki, Uno, Kitajima, Arai, Tamura, Morishita, Matsuoka, Han, Minamoto, Hirashima, Yamada, Kashiwa, Kameda, Yamaguchi, Tsuchihashi, Iwahashi, Nakayama, Shioda, Nagai and Tanaka.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Clinical outcomes of severe-to-critically ill COVID-19. Both 7 of 11 patients (63.6%), who received tocilizumab (TCZ) monotherapy and 10 of 12 patients (83.3%), who received additional tocilizumab after rapid deterioration with dexamethasone (DEX) monotherapy were able to avoid mechanical ventilation management (MVM). Two patients, who received tocilizumab monotherapy under MVM were able to recover from MVM. However, 5 of 6 patients, who deteriorated even after single or additional tocilizumab administration and required MVM, improved with additional methylprednisolone (mPSL) treatment, and a total of 39 of 40 were cured (survival rate 97.5%).