Table 3.

Summary of Thematic Analysis.

Themes and Subthemes	Times Mentioned		Participants Discussing Theme		Key Points
	Urban	Rural	n = 20	%
A) Barriers to PHC Utilization
Financial	18	34	14	70	Patients use PHC centers because they are the closest point of contact with the health system, and hospitals / tertiary care is too far away. However, despite visiting a PHC center, patients cited lack of machines, doctors, medicine, and cost of treatment as barriers to receiving proper care or returning to the PHC center.
Lack of Resources	44	54	20	100
Geographic / Travel-related	12	11	14	70
Education	1	2	3	15
Medicine Not Effective	2	4	5	25
Distrust Health Workers	0	3	2	10
Poor Administration / Leadership	0	3	3	15
Insufficient Open Hours	2	0	1	5
B) Perception of PHC services
Wait Time	2	1	3	15	High emphasis placed on physician behavior/competency over other areas. Perceived quality of medical care was strongly tied to perceptions of staff behavior / bedside manner as gentle and caring or not.
Cleanliness	0	1	1	5
Staff Behavior	10	9	9	45
Health Worker Competency	8	7	15	75
Treatment Satisfaction	2	6	8	40
C) Patient Recommendations
Medicine / Equipment Availability	25	27	20	100	Participant recommendations were consistent: availability of essential resources and financial assistance / reduced costs were the major suggestions to improve PHC quality.
Lower Physician Turnover /Absence	1	4	5	25
Access to Specialist Care	18	9	10	50
Free Medicine / Financial Assistance	12	35	17	85
Health Education / Awareness	0	5	4	20