Table 1.
Cost estimation.
| Module materials | Price ($/kg) | Weight (g/m2) | Cost($/m2) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITO/glass (0.67–3.2 mm) | 1.28 (1.0–5.0) | 5000 (1675–8000) | 6.4 (6.4–12) | 45–51 |
| PTAA (8 nm) | 352500 | 0.015 | 5.29 | (a) |
| PbI2 (Perovskite 1 µm) | 1028 | 3.12 | 3.21 | (b) |
| FAI (Perovskite 1 µm) | 1480 | 1.05 | 1.55 | (c) |
| CsI (Perovskite 1 µm) | 2080 | 0.18 | 0.37 | (b) |
| C60 (30 nm) | 59950 | 0.05 | 3.00 | (a) |
| BCP (6 nm) | 72200 | 0.007 | 0.51 | (d) |
| Cr (30 nm) | 274 | 0.22 | 0.06 | (e) |
| Cu (150 nm) | 252 | 1.34 | 0.34 | (e) |
| Encapsulant (150–400 µm) | 5.3 (4.6–14.2) | 320 (138-400) | 1.7 (1.54–2.0) | 45–51 |
| Back glass (2–2.5 mm) | 0.48 (0.4–1.0) | 5000 (5000–6250) | 2.4 (2.4–5.04) | 45–51 |
| Total materials | 24.8 |
| Recycled components | Price ($/kg) | Weight (g/m2) | Cost($/m2) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITO/glass (0.67–3.2 mm) | 1.28 (1.0–5.0) | 5000 (1675–8000) | 6.4 (6.4–12) | 45–51 |
| PbI2 | 1028 | 3.12 | 3.21 | (b) |
| Back glass (2–2.5 mm) | 0.48 (0.4–1.0) | 5000 (5000–6250) | 2.4 (2.4–5.04) | 45–51 |
| Total recycled | 12.0 |
| Recycling consumption | Price ($/kg) | Weight (g/m2) | Cost($/m2) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DMF (reusable) | 38 | 63 | 2.41 | (b) |
| Resin (reusable) | 60 | 20 | 1.20 | (f) |
| DCB | 22 | 4 | 0.09 | (b) |
| HNO3 | 18.6 | 2.5 | 0.05 | (b) |
| NaI | 183 | 2.7 | 0.49 | (b) |
| Total consumption | 4.24 | |||
| Total consumption (reuse DMF and resin for 5 times) | 1.35 |
Note: Sale price from (a) Solaris Chem, (b) Sigma-Aldrich, (c) Greatcell Solar, (d) TCI America, (e) Kurt J. Lesker Company, and (f) ResinTech Inc.
Material cost for perovskite solar modules based on 1 µm Cs0.1FA0.9PbI3 film with device structure as shown in Fig. 2a; recover value of recycled components from perovskite solar modules; and material consumption cost for the proposed recycling process.