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. 2021 Oct 7;12:100145. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100145

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Composite antiviral coating. (a) Antiviral effects of silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) and copper nanoparticles (nano-Cu) toward SARS-CoV-2. (b) Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image showing nano-Ag with a diameter of ∼3 ​nm–∼42 ​nm. (c) SEM images showing the nanostructures of nano-Ag-doped SAP SiO2 coating. (d) Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping showing that the silver nanoparticles are evenly distributed in the SAP SiO2 coating. (e) The adhesive force F⊥, static contact angle θapp, and roll-off angle θroll-off of virus-laden droplet on the SAP SiO2 coating doped with 1%wt nano Ag. Columns denote the vertical liquid/solid adhesion F⊥. Solid and open circles, respectively, denote θapp and θroll-off. Error bar denotes standard deviation of three independent experiments. (f) The super-repellency of the coating to SARS-CoV-2 is largely maintained regardless of the participation of nano-Ag. Columns denote the SARS-CoV-2 gene copy N and open circles denote the SARS-CoV-2 repelling rate (N0–Ni)/N0. Error bar denotes standard deviation of three independent experiments.