Table 2. Main Information of the Experimental Instruments.
| parameters | model | precision | uncertainty (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| speed | CW160 | ≤±1 rpm | ±0.07 |
| power | CW160 | ≤±0.4 kW | ±2 |
| torque | CW160 | ≤±0.28 N·m | ±2 |
| crank angle | Kistler-2614B | ≤±0.5°CA | ±0.07 |
| cylinder pressure | AVL-GU13Z-24 | ≤±0.5% | ±0.5 |
| λ | Lambda LA4 | ≤±0.1 | ±1 |
| CO emission | AVL DiCom 4000 | ≤±0.01% vol | ±3.5 |
| HC emission | AVL DiCom 4000 | ≤±1 ppm | ±3.5 |
| NOx emission | AVL DiCom 4000 | ≤±1 ppm | ±2 |
| particle number | DMS 500 | ≤±1.4 × 104 dN/dlog Dp/cm3 | ±1 |
| gasoline consumption rate | DF-2420 | ≤±0.01 g/s | ±0.03 |