Table 3. Comparative Catalytic Activity of the Schiff Base Complex of Copper Coated on Epoxy-Modified Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ MNPs under Optimized Conditions.

entry	catalyst	time (min)	yield (%)a
1	Fe3O4@SiO2@GPTMS/Schiff base-Cu(II)	25	94
2	Fe3O4@SiO2@GPTMS/Schiff base	360	33
3	Fe3O4@SiO2@GPTMS	240	35
4	Fe3O4	60	45
5	Schiff base alone	180	no reaction
6	Schiff base complex	90	53

^aIsolated yield.