Table 2.
Demographics of comorbidities and birth characteristics of probands
| Birth characteristics and comorbidities | CMA probands (n = 996) | WES probands (n = 808) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Average diagnosis age (y) for ASD (SD) | n (%) | Average diagnosis age (y) for ASD (SD) | |
| HC—large1 | 40 (5%) | 7.9 (7.3) | 30 (5%) | 8.4 (7.7) |
| HC—small2 | 87 (11%) | 4.6 (5.9) | 73 (11%) | 4.0 (4.4) |
| Large for gestational age3 | 38 (5%) | 7.6 (7.7) | 30 (4%) | 5.2 (5.7) |
| Small for gestational age4 | 37 (5%) | 4.1 (6.1) | 35 (5%) | 4.3 (6.3) |
| Congenital anomalies | 74 (11%) | 2.9 (4.9) | 57 (10%) | 3.1 (4.7) |
| Motor function disorders | 55 (5%) | 4.8 (5.0) | 43 (5%) | 4.6 (4.8) |
| Scholastic skill disorders | 155 (16%) | 5.1 (5.6) | 121 (15%) | 5.2 (6.2) |
| Speech/language disorders | 133 (13%) | 4.8 (5.8) | 102 (13%) | 4.6 (5.1) |
| ADHD | 203 (20%) | 8.4 (7.4) | 160 (20%) | 7.7 (7.2) |
| Anxiety disorder | 29 (3%) | 8.8 (6.5) | 20 (2%) | 9.5 (7.0) |
| Epilepsy | 309 (31%) | 5.5 (7.2) | 255 (31%) | 5.5 (7.2) |
| Intellectual disability | 474 (48%) | 6.5 (7.0) | 381 (47%) | 6.5 (7.1) |
| OCD | 79 (8%) | 9.0 (7.4) | 70 (9%) | 9.6 (7.8) |
| Psychotic disorders | 86 (9%) | 13.9(10.2) | 67 (8%) | 11.7 (9.8) |
ADHD attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, OCD obsessive–compulsive disorder
1HC-large if head circumference was > 38 cm. 2HC-small if head circumference was < 32 cm. 3Large for gestational age was defined as birth weight > 2 SD using the Swedish growth charts. 4Small for gestational age was defined as birth weight < 2 SD using Swedish growth charts. Missing values for congenital anomalies (CMA Probands/WES Probands) 335/260, large for gestational age 206/139, small for gestational age 206/139, HC-large 219/153, HC-small 219/153 individuals