Table 1.

Meaning × Surface × center proximity GLME results for Each target object. Notes: beta estimates (β), 95% confidence intervals (CI), standard errors (SE), z-statistic, and p values (p) for each fixed effect and standard deviations (SD) for the scene random effect.

	Fixed effects
						Random effects, SD
Predictors	β	95% CI	SE	Z-statistic	p value	By-scene
Garbage
Intercept	−0.51	[−0.93 to −0.08]	0.21	−2.42	0.02	1.04
Meaning	1.79	[1.73 to 1.85]	0.03	60.58	<0.001
Center proximity	0.43	[0.40 to 0.47]	0.02	22.98	<0.001
Surfaces	1.05	[1.01 to 1.09]	0.02	48.70	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity	−0.16	[−0.20 to −0.11]	0.02	−7.08	<0.001
Meaning × Surfaces	0.71	[0.66 to 0.76]	0.03	27.61	<0.001
Center proximity × Surfaces	−0.10	[−0.14 to −0.05]	0.02	−4.46	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity × Surfaces	−0.06	[−0.11 to 0.001]	0.03	−2.01	0.05
Painting
Intercept	−0.36	[−0.72 to −0.004]	0.18	−2.06	0.04	0.88
Meaning	1.59	[1.54 to 1.64]	0.03	60.52	<0.001
Center proximity	0.19	[0.15 to 0.23]	0.02	9.83	<0.001
Surfaces	0.97	[0.94 to 1.01]	0.02	48.60	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity	0.04	[−0.004 to 0.08]	0.02	1.78	0.08
Meaning × Surfaces	0.39	[0.35 to 0.44]	0.02	17.22	<0.001
Center proximity × Surfaces	−0.12	[−0.16 to −0.08]	0.02	−5.92	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity × Surfaces	−0.003	[−0.05 to 0.04]	0.02	−0.13	0.90
Glass
Intercept	−0.51	[−0.83 to −0.19]	0.16	−3.27	0.001	0.78
Meaning	1.79	[1.74 to 1.84]	0.03	69.35	<0.001
Center proximity	0.35	[0.31 to 0.38]	0.02	18.21	<0.001
Surfaces	0.48	[0.44 to 0.52]	0.02	25.54	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity	0.13	[0.08 to 0.17]	0.02	5.70	<0.001
Meaning × Surfaces	0.31	[0.26 to 0.36]	0.03	12.31	<0.001
Center proximity × Surfaces	−0.15	[−0.19 to −0.11]	0.02	−7.44	<0.001
Meaning × Center proximity × Surfaces	0.11	[0.06 to 0.16]	0.03	4.22	<0.001

CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation; SE = standard error.