Table 2.
Demographic characteristics influencing COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy
| Participants (n = 19 714) | Extremely unlikely/unlikely vs extremely likely/likely to accept COVID-19 vaccination (n = 2518) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Unweighted OR (95% CI) | Weighted OR (95% CI) | ||
| Socio demography | |||
| Age group, years | |||
| 18–29 | 5233 (26.5) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| 30–39 | 5524 (28.0) | 1.22 (1.08–1.38)*** | 1.43 (1.14–1.79)** |
| 40–49 | 4070 (20.6) | 1.31 (1.14–1.49)*** | 1.89 (1.48–2.4)*** |
| 50–59 | 2751 (14.0) | 1.61 (1.40–1.86)** | 1.86 (1.445–2.40)*** |
| 60 and above | 2136 (10.8) | 2.30 (2.00–2.66)*** | 3.64 (2.84–4.65)*** |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 9145 (46.4) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Female | 10,557 (53.6) | 1.03 (0.95–1.13) | 0.84 (0.72–0.98)* |
| Other | 12 (0.1) | – | – |
| Highest education level | |||
| Secondary school and below | 2630 (13.3) | 2.19 (1.91–2.51)*** | 1.91 (1.51–2.42)*** |
| Certificate/A-Level/Diploma | 4856 (24.6) | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | 0.91 (0.72–1.16) |
| Bachelor degree | 7883 (40.0) | 1.09 (0.97–1.23) | 1.02 (0.83–1.27) |
| Postgraduate degree | 4345 (22.0) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) |
| Ever delayed acceptance or refuse vaccine despite availability of vaccine service | |||
| Yes | 3812 (19.3) | 2.60 (2.37–2.85)*** | 3.14(2.65–3.72)*** |
| No | 15,902 (80.7) | 1 (reference) | 1(reference) |
Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit Chi-square = 16.834, P-value = 0.032; Unweighted Nagelkerke R2 = 0.075; Weighted Nagelkerke R2 = 0.091
*P < 0.05, **P < <0.01, ***P < <0.001