Table 3.
Sociodemographic and Smoking Profile of Dual Users of Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes in England Who Use E-Cigarettes in Situations Where Smoking Is not Permitted: 2011–2012 and 2019–2020
| Use of e-cigarettes in situations where smoking is not permitted | Interactiona | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yesb | Noc | |||||||
| 2011–2012 | 2019–2020 | Changed | 2011–2012 | 2019–2020 | Changed | OR [95% CI] | p | |
| n | 95 | 337 | — | 60 | 139 | — | — | — |
| Age in years (%) | ||||||||
| 16–24 | 18.9 | 19.9 | 1.0 | 10.0 | 26.6 | 16.6 | 0.51 [0.12–2.14] | .354 |
| 25–34 | 12.6 | 24.0 | 11.4 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 2.6 | 2.15 [0.54–8.55] | .278 |
| 35–44 | 24.2 | 15.1 | −9.1 | 15.0 | 13.7 | −1.3 | 0.88 [0.22–3.54] | .858 |
| 45–54 | 14.7 | 16.3 | 1.6 | 25.0 | 10.8 | −14.2 | 3.30 [0.83–13.15] | .091 |
| 55–64 | 15.8 | 15.4 | −0.4 | 16.7 | 15.1 | −1.6 | 1.39 [0.34–5.61] | .648 |
| ≥65 | 13.7 | 9.2 | −4.5 | 15.0 | 12.9 | −2.1 | Ref | — |
| Women (%) | 44.2 | 45.4 | 1.2 | 46.7 | 42.4 | −4.3 | 1.25 [0.58–2.67] | .573 |
| Social grade C2DE (%) | 57.9 | 48.4 | −9.5 | 48.3 | 46.0 | −2.3 | 0.75 [0.35–1.60] | .452 |
| Region (%) | ||||||||
| North | 36.8 | 37.4 | 0.6 | 30.0 | 32.4 | 2.4 | 0.95 [0.38–2.39] | .954 |
| Central | 28.4 | 29.7 | 1.3 | 33.3 | 32.4 | −0.9 | 1.09 [0.43–2.76] | .856 |
| South | 34.7 | 32.9 | −1.8 | 36.7 | 35.3 | −1.4 | Ref | — |
| Nondaily smoker (%) | 7.4 | 14.5 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 20.9 | 12.6 | 0.74 [0.20–2.71] | .646 |
| First cigarette within 5 min of waking (%) | 20.0 | 13.6 | −6.4 | 16.7 | 13.7 | −3.0 | 0.80 [0.29–2.22] | .666 |
| High motivation to stop (%)e | 31.6 | 24.0 | −7.6 | 30.0 | 29.5 | −0.5 | 0.70 [0.31–1.61] | .403 |
| Currently cutting down (%) | 71.6 | 69.7 | −1.9 | 93.3 | 84.9 | −8.4 | 2.28 [0.67–7.75] | .187 |
| Currently using NRT (%) | 17.9 | 7.1 | −10.8 | 28.3 | 22.3 | −6.0 | 0.49 [0.19–1.27] | .139 |
| Tried to quit in past year (%) | 62.1 | 47.8 | −14.3 | 55.0 | 46.8 | −8.2 | 0.78 [0.36–1.67] | .518 |
| Beta [95% CI] | p | |||||||
| Cigarettes per day (mean [SD]) | 14.91 (9.33) | 9.57 (7.42) | −5.34 | 12.70 (8.44) | 8.84 (6.66) | −3.86 | −1.48 [−4.40 to 1.43] | .318 |
| Strength of urges to smoke (mean [SD])f | 2.51 (1.01) | 2.00 (0.99) | −0.51 | 2.13 (0.96) | 1.82 (1.05) | −0.31 | −0.19 [−0.57 to 0.19] | .330 |
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation; NRT = nicotine replacement therapy; ref = referent category.
aThe 2 × 2 interaction between survey year (2011–2012 vs. 2019–2020) and use of e-cigarettes in situations where smoking is not permitted (yes vs. no) for each sociodemographic and smoking-related characteristic.
bDescriptive characteristics of dual users responding to the Smoking Toolkit Study surveys in April 2011 to March 2012 and April 2019 to February 2020 (aggregated monthly data) who use e-cigarettes in situations where smoking is not permitted.
cDescriptive characteristics of dual users responding to the Smoking Toolkit Study surveys in April 2011 to March 2012 and April 2019 to February 2020 (aggregated monthly data) who do not use e-cigarettes in situations where smoking is not permitted.
dPercent or mean change between 2011–2012 and 2019–2020.
eDefined as really wanting to stop smoking within the next 3 months.
fSelf-rated strength of urges to smoke over the past 24 hours, on a scale from 0 (not at all) to 5 (extremely strong).