Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of study sample by urban/non-urban (NYTS, 2015–2018; n = 68 630)
| Geographic location | Chi-square test (p-value) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full sample | Non-urbana | Urbanb | ||
| Percent of sample | 100% | 50.0% (47.0–53.0) | 50.0% (47.0–53.0) | |
| Sex | .085 | |||
| Male | 50.0% (49.2–50.7) | 50.6% (49.7–51.5) | 49.3% (48.2–50.5) | |
| Female | 50.0% (49.3–50.8) | 49.4% (48.5–50.3) | 50.7% (49.6–51.8) | |
| Grade levelc | .292 | |||
| Middle school | 43.3% (40.6–46.0) | 44.7% (41.0–48.4) | 41.8% (37.9–45.8) | |
| High school | 56.7% (54.0–59.5) | 55.3% (51.6–59.0) | 58.2% (54.2–62.1) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <.001 | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 53.3% (51.0–55.6) | 62.1% (59.4–64.8) | 44.5% (41.1–47.9) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 24.2% (22.5–26.0) | 18.6% (16.8–20.5) | 29.8% (27.0–32.7) | |
| Non-Hispanic, Black | 12.2% (11.0–13.6) | 10.8% (9.2–12.6) | 13.7% (11.9–15.7) | |
| Otherd | 10.3% (9.5–11.1) | 8.5% (7.5–9.6) | 12.0% (10.9–13.3) | |
| Tobacco use categorye | <.001 | |||
| None | 84.1% (83.3–84.9) | 82.4% (81.2–83.6) | 86.1% (85.0–87.1) | |
| E-cigarettes, only | 4.8% (4.4–5.3) | 4.8% (4.3–5.5) | 4.7% (4.1–5.5) | |
| Other tobacco, only | 5.6% (5.2–6.0) | 6.7% (6.0–7.4) | 4.5% (4.1–4.9) | |
| Both | 5.4% (5.0–5.8) | 6.1% (5.5–6.7) | 4.7% (4.2–5.3) | |
| Live with a tobacco userf | .057 | |||
| No | 84.0% (81.7–86.1) | 82.0% (78.2–85.2) | 86.1% (83.4–88.4) | |
| Yes | 16.0% (13.9–18.3) | 18.0% (14.8–21.8) | 13.9% (11.6–16.6) | |
| Year | .994 | |||
| 2015 | 25.2% (20.1–31.0) | 50.7% (39.6–61.7) | 49.3% (38.3–60.4) | |
| 2016 | 25.0% (20.0–30.8) | 51.0% (39.8–62.1) | 49.0% (37.9–60.2) | |
| 2017 | 25.1% (19.9–31.1) | 48.7% (37.0–60.4) | 51.3% (39.6–62.9) | |
| 2018 | 24.7% (19.9–30.3) | 49.7% (39.4–60.0) | 50.3% (40.0–60.6) |
Note: Bold indicates statistical significance at p < .05.
aParticipants were categorized as non-urban if they lived in any area other than one of the 54 largest counties in the United States.
bParticipants were categorized as urban if they lived in one of the 54 largest counties in the United States.
cMiddle school reflects being in 6th through 8th grade; high school reflects being in 9th through 12th grade.
d“Other” is where a response was “Asian, non-Hispanic,” “American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic”; or “native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders, non-Hispanic”.
ePast 30-day use of any of the following: combustible cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigars, cigarillos, little cigars, pipe tobacco, bidis, snus, dissolvable, and hookah.
fSelf-reported living with anyone that using combustible cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigar products, hookah, pipe tobacco, and bidis.