Figure 1.
CASM promotes Atg8-family protein (ATG8) conjugation to PE and PS. Activation of non-canonical autophagy through ionophores, influenza A virus (IAV) and LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), promotes the conjugation of Atg8-family protein isoforms to both PE and PS in single-membrane endolysosomes. In contrast, only LC3/GABARAP–PE is found in double-membrane autophagosomes. ATG4 isoforms differentially delipidate LC3/GABARAP–PE and LC3/GABARAP–PS species