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. 2021 Jul 12;17(9):2642–2644. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1947730

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

CASM promotes Atg8-family protein (ATG8) conjugation to PE and PS. Activation of non-canonical autophagy through ionophores, influenza A virus (IAV) and LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), promotes the conjugation of Atg8-family protein isoforms to both PE and PS in single-membrane endolysosomes. In contrast, only LC3/GABARAP–PE is found in double-membrane autophagosomes. ATG4 isoforms differentially delipidate LC3/GABARAP–PE and LC3/GABARAP–PS species