Table 2.
Characteristics of nursing homes at baseline (post-randomization)
| Sequence 1 (n = 27 nursing homes) | Sequence 2 (n = 27 nursing homes) | Sequence 3 (n = 27 nursing homes) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
| Resident composition and acuity | |||
| Female (%) | 65.4 (10.9) | 64.9 (12.0) | 65.5 (9.1) |
| African American (%) | 22.3 (25.7) | 23.1 (26.2) | 21.0 (26.3) |
| Moderate or severe cognitive impairment (%) | 64.1 (11.8) | 64.9 (9.1) | 66.1 (11.8) |
| Potentially eligible residents (#) | 44.8 (24.8) | 44.7 (20.5) | 45.3 (14.8) |
| Potentially eligible residents with agitated/aggressive behaviors (%) | 20.1 (11.3) | 20.5 (13.3) | 20.5 (9.7) |
| Any antipsychotic use (%) | 17.9 (8.6) | 18.0 (8.3) | 17.5 (12.0) |
| Total activities of daily living scorea | 16.7 (1.7) | 16.5 (2.0) | 16.9 (2.0) |
| Nursing home quality, payment, and staffing | |||
| Total beds (#) | 101.5 (42.3) | 107.3 (40.0) | 103.6 (33.0) |
| CMSb 5-Star Quality Ratingb | 3.5 (1.4) | 3.6 (1.2) | 3.5 (1.2) |
| Medicaid as primary payer (%) | 58.8 (25.6) | 58.6 (27.6) | 55.4 (26.1) |
| Medicare as primary payer (%) | 11.2 (7.0) | 11.5 (9.5) | 11.1 (7.5) |
| Self-pay (%) | 30.1 (26.4) | 30.0 (24.7) | 33.5 (28.5) |
| Registered nurse hours per resident day (#) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.3 (0.2) |
| Licensed practical nurse hours per resident day (#) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | 0.8 (0.3) |
CMS Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
aDescribes the ability of the resident to perform activities of daily living. Higher scores indicate more dependence on staff
bScore ranges from 1 to 5 stars, with five stars indicating the highest quality nursing homes