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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Sep 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Vis Exp. 2021 Sep 15;(175):10.3791/63097. doi: 10.3791/63097

Figure 3: First heart field and second heart field specification in hHOs recapitulates physiological human heart development.

Figure 3:

(A) Confocal immunofluorescence images of day 3 to day 11 hHOs showing the formation of FHF (HAND1, top) and SHF (HAND2, bottom), and cardiomyocytes (TNNT2) and nuclear dye DAPI; scale bars = 500 μm. (B) High-magnification images of day 7 organoids showing co-localization of HAND1 and HAND2 with the cardiomyocyte marker TNNT2; scale bars = 50 μm. (C) RNA-Seq gene expression profiles of FHF marker HAND1 (red) and SHF marker HAND2 (blue) from day 0 to day 19. Abbreviations: hHOs = human heart organoids; FHF = first heart field; SHF = second heart field; HAND = heart and neural crest derivatives expressed; TNNT2 = cardiac troponin T2; DAPI = 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.