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. 2021 Oct 7;57:103228. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2021.103228

Table 2.

Summary of selected studies on mental health problems, and sleep disturbances in nursing students during COVID-19 pandemic.

Author, Year/Country Sample size Age Female N (%) Data collection (as of Deo 2019) Mental health problems & Sleep disturbances (N/%)
Measurement
Fear N/% Anxiety N/% Stress N/% Depression N/% PTSD N/% Sleep Disturbances N/%
Cici and Yilmazel (2021)/Turkey 233 20.8 178/76.4 <3 Month 203/63.04 The survey questions
Dalcali et al. (2021)/Turkey 283 20.39 232/82.0 3–6 Month 33/11.7 147/51.9 80/28.26 The survey questions, STAI, VAS
Deo et al. (2020)/Nepal 184 20–22 NA 3–6 Month 52/28.26 12/6.52 41/22.28 97/52.71 DASS,ISI
Fitzgerald and Konrad (2021)/USA 50 18–21 42/84 ≥6 Month 30/70 16/32 The survey questions
Gol and Erkin (2021)/Turkey 2.630 21.30 2.159/82.1 3–6 Month 450/17.1 The survey questions
Kalkan Uğurlu et al. (2021)/Turkey 411 20.60 326/79.3 3–6 Month 209/50.85 262/63.74 228/55.47 DASS 42
Kochuvilayil et al. (2021)/Australia (A)&India (I) A: 99
I: 113
A: 20.01
I: 20.2
191/90 A:45 (46.4)
I: 5 (4.4)
The survey questions
Kusuma et al. (2021)/Indonesia 235 NA 209/88.9 166/70.63 The PHQ-9
Li et al., 2021a, Li et al., 2021b/China 6.348 NA 5.737/90.37 <3 Month 2.220/34.97 2.553/40.22 950/14.97 The GAD-7,
The PHQ-9,
The PCL-C
Mundakir et al. (2021)/Indonesia 619 20–60 510/82.4 37/6.0 The survey questions
Rosenthal et al. (2021)/USA 222 NA NA 3–6 Month 63/28.37 83/37.38 82/36.93 The DASS-21
Santoso et al. (2020)/Indonesia 148 18–20 NA 70/47.29 The BDI II
Savitsky et al. (2021)/Israel 215 NA NA <3 Month 92/42.8% The GAD-7
Sun et al. (2020)/China 474 20–22 402/84.8 <3 Month 59/12.44 The SAS
Turan et al. (2021)/Turkey 456 21.09 366/80.3 3–6 Month 197/43.2 The Anxiety Scale.
Vitale et al. (2020)/Italy 285 21–30 245/85.97 <3 Month 232/81.40 The PHQ-9
Zhu et al. (2021)/China 342 20.73 297/86.8 <3 Month 188/54.97 193/56.43 The GAD-7, The PHQ-9

Visual Analog Sleep (VAS) Scale, State‐trait anxiety inventory (STAI), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9-Item Scale (PHQ-9), Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Check List – Civilian version (PCL-C), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, (PHQ-9), Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)