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. 2021 Sep 23;10:e69808. doi: 10.7554/eLife.69808

Figure 4. RBC phenotypes predict Plasmodium falciparum fitness in non-carriers.

(A) Phenotypes selected by LASSO in at least 40% of train data sets (blue shading; see Materials and methods) in at least one of four models of parasite replication (columns). Each model was trained on ~90% of the data (B, C) and tested on the remaining 10% (B, C). (+/−) shows the direction of effect if the phenotype was significantly correlated (p<0.1) with the parasite fitness component in a separate, univariate linear model (Figure 4—figure supplement 1; ). MCV: mean RBC volume (fl).MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin (pg/RBC). O50: Osmotic fragility (mM NaCl; see Figure 3—figure supplement 4). DImax: Maximum membrane deformability (arbitrary units; see Figure 3—figure supplement 5). Ohyper: Tendency to resist osmotic dehydration and loss of deformability. M4: fraction of RBCs with normal volume and low hemoglobin (see Figure 3—figure supplement 2). M6: fraction of RBCs with normal volume and high hemoglobin. M8: fraction of RBCs with low volume and normal hemoglobin. CHCM: cellular hemoglobin concentration mean (g/dl). MCHC: mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (g/dl). PLT: platelet number (×103/µl). MPV: mean platelet volume (fl). RBC: red cell number (×106/µl). HCT: hematocrit, or the fraction of blood volume composed of RBCs. RDW: red cell distribution width (%). (B, C) Variance in parasite fitness explained by RBC phenotypes in LASSO models. Dashed lines indicate average R2 for the measured test data. Each histogram shows the same procedure on 1000 permutations of the measured test data. RBC, red blood cell.

Figure 4—source data 1. Association statistics for individual phenotypic predictors with non-zero LASSO support.

Figure 4.

Figure 4—figure supplement 1. Scatterplots of RBC phenotypes against parasite fitness in non-carriers.

Figure 4—figure supplement 1.

Phenotypes from Figure 4A are shown if at least one OLS test had p<0.1. Lines of best fit are shown if p<0.1. All phenotypes except Fragility and Donor Age are clustered around the median as a result of normalization, which equalized the median value across weeks (see Materials and methods). Pink: 3D7; Orange: Th.026.09. RBC, red blood cell.