Table 1.
Patient characteristics by gender (data are mean ± SD or %).
| Characteristic | Males | Females | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 214 | 277 | |
| Age (years) | 58.2 ± 12.6 | 55.7 ± 12.9 | 0.006 |
| Body weight (kg) | 97.6 ± 16.4 | 85.9 ± 17.0 | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 115.2 ± 16.1 | 103.3 ± 17.5 | <0.0001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 126.9 ± 24.4 | 118.1 ± 23.3 | <0.0001 |
| HbA1c (%) | |||
| Patients with T2DM | 7.4 ± 1.0 | 7.2 ± 0.8 | 0.28 |
| Patients without T2DM | 6.4 ± 0.8 | 6.3 ± 0.8 | 0.22 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 137.2 ± 14.4 | 132.5 ± 14.2 | 0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83.4 ± 9.4 | 81.9 ± 11.1 | 0.06 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 215.3 ± 40.8 | 221.3 ± 41.0 | 0.31 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 45.5 ± 12.0 | 53.9 ± 20.9 | <0.0001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 130.4 ± 36.9 | 135.3 ± 37.4 | 0.36 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 187.4 ± 89.7 | 166.8 ± 66.2 | 0.07 |
| Fasting insulin (μu/mL) | 25.8 ± 16.3 | 27.8 ± 33.4 | 0.37 |
| HOMA-IR | 7.6 ± 4.7 | 10.4 ± 8.0 | 0.18 |
| Diabetes (%) | 32.7 | 22.7 | 0.01 |
| Hypertension (%) | 47.7 | 37.9 | 0.03 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 16.8 | 16.6 | 0.95 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 4.7 | 5.4 | 0.71 |
| Number of components of the metabolic syndrome | 0.49 | ||
| 1 | 2.1 | 2.4 | |
| 2 | 7.2 | 15.0 | |
| 3 | 27.8 | 27.6 | |
| 4 | 39.2 | 33.9 | |
| 5 | 23.7 | 21.3 | |
| 10-year CVD risk (%) | 16.7 ± 16.3 | 5.2 ± 8.8 | <0.0001 |