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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jun 15;69(10):2811–2820. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17310

Table 4:

Hazard Ratios for Death within 1 Year* after Hospital Discharge based on Neurohormonal Drug Exposure, Stratified by Age, 2008–2015

Hazard Ratio 95% Confidence Interval P-Value
Beta Blocker Exposure
 Age 66–74
  1–80 PDC 0.46 0.44, 0.49 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.37 0.35, 0.39 <0.001
 Age 75–84
  1–80 PDC 0.49 0.47, 0.51 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.39 0.37, 0.40 <0.001
 Age 85+
  1–80 PDC 0.56 0.54, 0.58 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.43 0.42, 0.45 <0.001
ACEi/ARB/ARNI Exposure
 Age 66–74
  1–80 PDC 0.43 0.42, 0.45 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.39 0.37, 0.41 <0.001
 Age 75–84
  1–80 PDC 0.45 0.44, 0.47 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.38 0.37, 0.40 <0.001
 Age 85+
  1–80 PDC 0.53 0.52, 0.55 <0.001
  80+ PDC 0.45 0.43, 0.47 <0.001

PDC is proportion of days covered which is the number of days “covered by drug” based on Part D prescription fills over the number of days in the follow-up period

No beta-blocker exposure and no ACEi/ARB exposure is the reference group.

*

Conditional on survival to 30 days after discharge

Errors are clustered at the hospital referral region level.