Table 1.
Summary of clinical trials targeting MDSCs in cancer.
| Target | Drug name | Indications | Phase | Last reported status | NCT number | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inhibiting expansion and recruitment | G-CSF | G-CSF, Cabazitaxel | Prostate cancer | III | Recruiting | NCT02961257 |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab, Capecitabine | Glioblastoma | I | Recruiting | NCT02669173 | |
| VEGF/ VEGFR | Bevacizumab, Pazopanib | Renal cell carcinoma/cancer | I/II | Recruiting | NCT01684397 | |
| VEGF | Bevacizumab, Anakinra, LV5FU2 | Colorectal cancer | II | Completed | NCT02090101 | |
| VEGFR | Pazopanib | Prostate adenocarcinoma | II | Completed | NCT01832259 | |
| VEGFR | Cabozantinib | Prostate cancer | II | Recruiting | NCT03964337 | |
| EGFR | Cetuximab, Edodekin alfa | Head and neck carcinoma | I/II | Active, not recruiting | NCT01468896 | |
| EGFR | Cetuximab, Cyclophosphamide | Head and neck cancer | II | Completed | NCT01581970 | |
| S100A9 | Tasquinimod | Advanced cancer | II | Completed | NCT01743469 | |
| CXCR1/2 | Reparixin, Paclitaxel | Metastatic breast cancer | II | Completed | NCT02370238 | |
| CXCR1/2 | Reparixin, Paclitaxel | Metastatic breast cancer | I | Completed | NCT02001974 | |
| CCR2 | CCX872-B | Pancreatic cancer | I | Active, not recruiting | NCT02345408 | |
| CCR2 | MLN1202 | Cancer | II | Completed | NCT01015560 | |
| CCR2 | PF-04136309, Chemotherapy | Pancreatic adenocarcinoma | I | Completed | NCT01413022 | |
| CXCR2 | AZD5069, Enzalutamide | Prostate cancer | I/II | Recruiting | NCT03177187 | |
| CCR5 | Leronlimab + Carboplatin | Triple negative breast neoplasms | I/II | Recruiting | NCT03838367 | |
| IL-8 | HuMax-IL8 | Solid tumor | I | Completed | NCT02536469 | |
| PI3K | Duvelisib, Ibrutinib | Lymphocytic leukemia | II | Recruiting | NCT04209621 | |
| PI3K | Idelalisib | Hodgkin lymphoma | II | Completed | NCT01393106 | |
| Promoting differentiation | STAT3 | AZD9150 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | I | Completed | NCT01839604 |
| STAT3 | IONIS-STAT3Rx | DLBCL lymphoma | I/II | Completed | NCT01563302 | |
| TLR7 | Imiquimod, Abraxane | Breast cancer | II | Completed | NCT00821964 | |
| Curcumin | Breast cancer | I | Recruiting | NCT03980509 | ||
| Curcumin | Prostate cancer | III | Recruiting | NCT03769766 | ||
| Curcumin | Breast cancer | II | Completed | NCT03072992 | ||
| β-glucan | Oral cavity carcinoma | Not applicable | Active, not recruiting | NCT04387682 | ||
| β-glucan | NSCLC | Not applicable | Recruiting | NCT00682032 | ||
| Inhibiting function | PDE5 | Tadalafil | Head and neck cancer | Not applicable | Completed | NCT00843635 |
| PDE5 | Tadalafil | Head and neck carcinoma | II | Completed | NCT00894413 | |
| PDE5 | Tadalafil | Head and neck carcinoma | II | Completed | NCT01697800 | |
| PDE5 | Sildenafil, Chemotherapy | NSCLC | II/III | Completed | NCT00752115 | |
| NRF2 | Omaveloxolone | NSCLC, Melanoma | I | Completed | NCT02029729 | |
| H2R | Ranitidine | Cancer | IV | Active, not recruiting | NCT03145012 | |
| Inhibiting metabolism | IDO | Indoximod, Docetaxel, Paclitaxel | Breast cancer | II | Completed | NCT01792050 |
| CD73/A2AR | MEDI9447, AZD4635 | Carcinoma, NSCLC | I/II | Active, not recruiting | NCT03381274 | |
| Depleting MDSCs | CD33 | GTB-3550 TriKE™ | Leukemia | I/II | Recruiting | NCT03214666 |
| Gemcitabine | Pancreatic cancer | II | Completed | NCT01019382 | ||
| Cyclophosphamide, Docetaxel, Doxorubicin, Oxidized glutathione | Breast cancer | II | Completed | NCT00499122 | ||
| TRAIL-R2 | DS-8273a | Solid tumor, Lymphoma | I | Completed | NCT02076451 | |
| Other therapies | Octreotide acetate | Neuroendocrine tumor | II | Active, not recruiting | NCT04129255 | |
| Qingshu-Yiqi-Tang | Carcinoma, NSCLC | II/III | Recruiting | NCT01802021 | ||
| Soy bread diet | Prostate adenocarcinoma | II | Recruiting | NCT03654638 |