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. 2021 Sep 25;50(11):2072–2089. doi: 10.1007/s13280-021-01621-y

Table 2.

Climatic and bioclimatic indicators correlated with the answers from the sociological survey

Sociological survey questions Climatic and bioclimatic indicators
Opinion on duration of summer and winter periods

∙ Number of days per year with average air temperatures above + 10  °C

∙ Number of days per year with average air temperatures below 0 °C

Local residents’ opinions on whether the season has become warmer or colder (summer, winter, autumn and spring)

∙ The average temperature of the days in the year with an average daily temperature of > 10 °C

∙ Average temperature of days per year with an average daily temperature of < 0 °C

∙ Average temperature in April and May

∙ Average air temperature for September and October

Opinion on the frequency of extreme weather events
Number of unusually hot days in summer ∙ Number of days per year with a maximum temperature above + 35 °C
Number of unusually frosty days in winter ∙ Number of days per year with minimum air temperature below − 40 °C
Number of unusually warm days in winter ∙ Average number of days with temperatures above 0 °C in winter period
Opinion on changes in the amount of precipitation in summer

∙ Amount of precipitation for June–August

∙ Precipitation amount for the period with temperatures < 0 °C

Opinion on changes in the amount of snow observed as depth ∙ Snow cover depth (m)
Opinion on the frequency of sudden air temperature fluctuations

∙ Number of days per year with a difference of consecutive average daily temperature > 8 °C

∙ Daily air temperature amplitude (°C)

Opinion on wind speed variation through past decades ∙ Wind speed (m/s)