Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of 262 patients with spontaneous ICH in PSM cohort.
| Clinical variables | Total (n = 262) | 3-month functional outcome | 1-month mortality | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Poor outcome | Good outcome | P-value | Death | Survival | P-value | ||
| (n = 183) | (n = 79) | (n = 42) | (n = 220) | ||||
| Age (years) | 58.77 ± 13.56 | 59.67 ± 13.42 | 56.67 ± 13.75 | 0.402 | 61.26 ± 14.82 | 58.29 ± 13.29 | 0.242 |
| Male | 177 (67.6) | 124 (67.8) | 53 (67.1) | 0.915 | 28 (66.7) | 149 (67.7) | 0.893 |
| GCS | 13 (9, 15) | 12 (8, 14) | 15 (14, 15) | <0.001 | 8 (6, 11) | 14 (11, 15) | <0.001 |
| Admission SBP (mmHg) | 167.17 ± 26.56 | 168.86 ± 27.25 | 163.24 ± 24.60 | 0.407 | 170.31 ± 27.05 | 166.57 ± 26.48 | 0.857 |
| Admission DBP (mmHg) | 97.56 ± 17.54 | 97.58 ± 17.86 | 97.49 ± 16.90 | 0.655 | 96.05 ± 18.81 | 97.85 ± 17.32 | 0.844 |
| Duration from onset to hospitalization (h) | 6 (4, 15) | 6 (4, 12) | 6 (4, 22) | 0.242 | 5 (3, 8) | 6 (4, 15) | 0.015 |
| History of hypertension | 141 (53.8) | 103 (56.3) | 38 (48.1) | 0.224 | 26 (61.9) | 115 (52.3) | 0.252 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 14 (5.3) | 13 (7.1) | 1 (1.3) | 0.054 | 1 (2.4) | 13 (5.9) | 0.352 |
| Smoking | 90 (34.4) | 66 (36.1) | 24 (30.4) | 0.375 | 14 (33.3) | 76 (34.5) | 0.880 |
| Alcohol abuse | 88 (33.6) | 67 (36.6) | 21 (26.6) | 0.115 | 13 (31.0) | 75 (34.1) | 0.694 |
| Previous stroke | 14 (5.3) | 13 (7.1) | 1 (1.3) | 0.054 | 2 (4.8) | 12 (5.5) | 0.855 |
| Antiplatelet or anticoagulation | 21 (8.0) | 13 (7.1) | 8 (10.1) | 0.409 | 3 (7.1) | 18 (8.2) | 0.821 |
| Hematoma volume (ml) | 20.10 (7.04, 35.15) | 24.18 (9.61, 38.54) | 10.13 (2.71, 24.02) | <0.001 | 24.87 (8.88, 39.99) | 18.29 (7.00, 33.09) | 0.136 |
| Hematoma location | |||||||
| Supratentorial | 215 (82.1) | 160 (87.4) | 55 (69.6) | 0.001 | 34 (81.0) | 181 (82.3) | 0.838 |
| Infratentorial | 47 (17.9) | 23 (12.6) | 24 (30.4) | 8 (19.0) | 39 (17.7) | ||
| Presence of IVH | 38 (14.5) | 32 (17.5) | 6 (7.6) | 0.037 | 9 (21.4) | 29 (13.2) | 0.165 |
| Presence of hematoma expansion | 61 (23.3) | 47 (25.7) | 14 (17.7) | 0.163 | 14 (33.3) | 47 (21.4) | 0.093 |
| Treatment | |||||||
| Surgical intervention | 61 (23.3) | 53 (29.0) | 8 (10.1) | 0.001 | 10 (23.8) | 51 (23.2) | 0.930 |
| Conservative treatment | 201 (76.7) | 130 (71.0) | 71 (89.9) | 32 (76.2) | 169 (76.8) | ||
| PLT (109/L) | 148 (117, 196) | 147 (116, 195) | 153 (123, 187) | 0.525 | 136 (112, 196) | 153 (120, 196) | 0.171 |
| PT (s) | 11.4 (10.9, 12.2) | 11.4 (10.8, 12.3) | 11.5 (11.0, 12.2) | 0.651 | 11.6 (10.9, 12.3) | 11.4 (10.9, 12.2) | 0.703 |
| APTT (s) | 26.2 (23.5, 29.2) | 25.9 (23.4, 28.9) | 26.5 (23.9, 29.3) | 0.650 | 24.8 (22.5, 29.8) | 26.2 (23.6, 29.1) | 0.511 |
| INR | 0.98 (0.93, 1.05) | 0.98 (0.92, 1.05) | 1.00 (0.96, 1.05) | 0.169 | 0.99 (0.94, 1.10) | 0.98 (0.93, 1.05) | 0.421 |
| Neutrophil (109/L) | 8.36 (6.37, 10.81) | 9.06 (6.80, 11.35) | 7.50 (5.49, 9.08) | <0.001 | 10.22 (7.19, 12.54) | 8.19 (6.32, 10.39) | 0.017 |
| Lymphocyte (109/L) | 1.05 (0.75, 1.49) | 1.04 (0.71, 1.44) | 1.13 (0.82, 1.57) | 0.085 | 1.04 (0.70, 1.60) | 1.06 (0.76, 1.48) | 0.965 |
| Monocyte (109/L) | 0.38 (0.25, 0.49) | 0.40 (0.28, 0.50) | 0.34 (0.24, 0.46) | 0.044 | 0.48 (0.40, 0.58) | 0.36 (0.24, 0.47) | <0.001 |
| NLR | 8.18 (4.88, 12.67) | 8.94 (5.91, 13.26) | 6.41 (4.05, 9.95) | <0.001 | 10.31 (5.78, 14.86) | 7.90 (4.87, 12.44) | 0.271 |
| SIRI | 2.76 (1.63, 4.70) | 2.99 (1.81, 5.20) | 2.18 (1.30, 3.23) | <0.001 | 4.60 (1.95, 8.47) | 2.62 (1.63, 4.15) | 0.003 |
Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± SD, or median (25th, 75th quartile).
ICH, intracerebral hemorrhage; PSM, propensity score matching; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; IVH, intraventricular hematoma; PLT, platelet; PT, prothrombin time; APTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; INR, international normalized ratio; SIRI, systemic inflammation response index; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Significant findings are expressed in bold and italic.