Table 1.
Factors | Total population (%) | Occupation | P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Farming population (%) | Non-farming population (%) | ||||
Sex | Male | 50.5 | 51.2 | 49.8 | 0.776 |
Female | 49.4 | 48.7 | 50.1 | ||
Transgender | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | ||
Age group | 18–35 | 32.0 | 24.3 | 40.3 | <0.05 |
36–50 | 34.0 | 37.4 | 30.3 | ||
51–65 | 24.2 | 27.3 | 20.7 | ||
>65 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 8.7 | ||
Occupation | Farming | 51.7 | 100.0 | - | - |
Non-farming | 48.3 | - | 100.0 | ||
Diabetes | Self-reported | 11.9 | 15.0 | 8.7 | <0.001 |
Undiagnosed/no diabetes | 88.1 | 85.0 | 91.3 | ||
Lifestyle risk factors | |||||
Alcohol intake | Daily | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 0.786 |
Occasionally/formerly | 11.4 | 13.2 | 9.7 | ||
Never | 82.1 | 80.2 | 84.0 | ||
Smoking | Daily | 9.2 | 9.7 | 8.8 | 0.236 |
Occasionally/formerly | 4.6 | 5.5 | 3.7 | ||
Never | 86.1 | 84.8 | 87.4 | ||
Tobacco use | Daily | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 0.845 |
Occasionally/formerly | 4.5 | 5.7 | 3.3 | ||
Never | 88.3 | 87 | 89.6 | ||
Metabolic risk factors | |||||
BMI | Obesity | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 0.521 |
Normal | 70.1 | 68.8 | 71.3 | ||
Underweight | 19.2 | 20.5 | 18.0 | ||
Blood pressure | Hypertension | 12.0 | 14.6 | 9.5 | <0.01 |
Undiagnosed/normal | 88.0 | 85.4 | 90.5 | ||
Blood cholesterol | Hypercholesterolemia | 2.5 | 3.3 | 1.8 | <0.01 |
Undiagnosed/normal | 97.5 | 96.7 | 98.2 | ||
Agricultural occupational risk factors | |||||
Exposure to agrochemicals | Pesticide applicator | 11.8 | 23.8 | - | - |
Agrochemical handler | 7.5 | 14.5 | - | ||
Field worker | 30.7 | 61.7 | - | ||
No direct exposure | 50.0 | - | 100.0 | ||
Diabetes complications | |||||
CVDs | Diagnosed CVDs | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 0.742 |
Undiagnosed/no CVDs | 98.1 | 98.4 | 97.9 | ||
Kidney failure | Diagnosed kidney failure | 1.0 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.521 |
Undiagnosed/no | 99.0 | 99.4 | 99.6 | ||
Cancer | Diagnosed cancer | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.095 |
Undiagnosed/no cancer | 99.7 | 99.8 | 99.7 | ||
Tuberculosis | Diagnosed TB | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.082 |
Undiagnosed/no TB | 99.8 | 99.1 | 99.8 |