Table 3.

Multilevel modeling results testing intervention effect on state mindfulness

	Model 1A						Model 1B
	Coefficient γ	SE	t value	95% LL	95% UL	Coefficient γ		SE	t value	95% LL	95% UL
Intercept	3.26	0.16	19.75**	2.93	3.59	3.34		0.17	19.74**	3.00	3.67
Sophomorea	0.22	0.20	1.09	− 0.18	0.61	0.22		0.20	1.09	− 0.18	0.61
Juniora	− 0.10	0.15	− 0.66	− 0.40	0.20	− 0.10		0.15	− 0.66	− 0.40	0.20
Sex(male)	− 0.02	0.15	− 0.10	− 0.32	0.29	− 0.01		0.15	− 0.10	− 0.32	0.29
Neuroticism	− 0.03	0.08	− 0.34	− 0.20	0.14	− 0.03		0.08	− 0.34	− 0.20	0.14
Extraversion	0.11	0.07	1.63	− 0.03	0.25	0.11		0.07	1.63	− 0.03	0.25
Trait mindfulness	0.13	0.09	1.43	− 0.05	0.32	0.13		0.09	1.43	− 0.05	0.32
Coronavirus worry	− 0.08	0.06	− 1.33	− 0.21	0.04	− 0.08		0.06	− 1.34	− 0.21	0.04
Time	0.03	0.02	1.43	− 0.01	0.06	− 0.01		0.03	− 0.44	− 0.06	0.04
Intervention	0.27	0.14	1.99ϯ	0.00	0.55	0.12		0.16	0.76	− 0.19	0.43
Intervention × time						0.07		0.04	2.03*	0.00	0.14
− 2LL deviance	648.3					649.1
Residual	0.262	0.025	10.34**	0.217	0.317	0.262		0.025	10.34**	0.217	0.317
Intercept variance	0.197	0.065	3.02**	0.103	0.376	0.192		0.064	3.01**	0.100	0.368
Slope variance	0.005	0.004	1.25	0.001	0.023	0.004		0.004	1.05	0.001	0.025
Intercept-slope covariance	− 0.006	0.013	− 0.50	− 0.031	0.019	− 0.004		0.012	− 0.36	− 0.028	0.020

N = 69 (between subjects) and N = 355 (within subjects). LL/UL, lower/upper confidence interval limit

γ, multilevel regression coefficient; SE, standard error

Model 1A does not include the time × intervention coefficient, whereas Model 1B does

^aReference group = senior

^*p < .05; **p < .01; ϯp < .10