Table 3.

Association between nutritional status and quality of life (VAS) scores.

		95% CI
Model A	β	Lower	Upper	Standard β	P
MNA-SF (continuous)	2.605	2.166	3.044	0.346	0.000
Normal nutritional status (reference)
At risk of malnutrition	−4.262	−7.112	−1.412	−0.129	0.003
Malnutrition	−15.016	−18.322	−11.711	−0.392	0.000
Model B
MNA-SF (continuous)	2.525	2.082	2.968	0.335	0.000
Normal nutritional status (reference)
At risk of malnutrition	−3.917	−6.762	−1.071	−0.118	0.007
Malnutrition	−14.416	−17.726	−11.107	−0.376	0.000
Model C
MNA-SF (continuous)	2.504	2.062	2.946	0.332	0.000
Normal nutritional status (reference)
At risk of malnutrition	−3.563	−6.412	−0.713	−0.108	0.014
Malnutrition	−14.100	−17.410	−10.790	−0.368	0.000
Model D
MNA-SF (continuous)	2.403	1.964	2.842	0.319	0.000
Normal nutritional status (reference)
At risk of malnutrition	−3.503	−6.320	−0.687	−0.106	0.015
Malnutrition	−13.576	−16.856	−10.296	−0.354	0.000

The score of MNA-SF (continuous) and the classification of nutritional risk (categorical) were involved in the models separately.

Model A: Crude model.

Model B: Adjusted for gender, age.

Model C: Adjusted for gender, age, ethnic, education level, residential type.

Model D: Adjusted for gender, age, ethnic, education level, residential type, smoking, drinking, physical activity.