Table 3.
Vaccines in the various stages of development, their characteristics.
| S. No | Candidate | Mechanism | Sponsor | Trial Phase | Institution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unnamed vaccine candidate | Recombinant vaccine (Sf9 cells) | WestVac Biopharma Co., Ltd.; West China Hospital; Sichuan University; | Phase 3 | Jiangsu Province Centers for Disease Control and Prevention | |
| ARCoV | mRNA-based vaccine | Walvax Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; Abogen Biosciences Co. Ltd.; Yuxi Walvax Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Phase 3 | Xiangfen CDC | |
| NVX-CoV2373 | Nanoparticle vaccine | Novavax | Phase 3 | Novavax | |
| Unnamed vaccine candidate | Plant-based adjuvant vaccine | Medicago; GSK; Dynavax | Phase 3 | Medicago | |
| VLA2001 | Inactivated vaccine | Valneva; UK National Institute for Health Research | Phase 3 | Multiple NIHR testing sites | |
| Corbevax | Adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine | Biological E, Baylor College of Medicine, Dynavax, CEPI | Phase 3 | Various | |
| Vidprevtyn | Recombinant protein vaccine | Sanofi; GlaxoSmithKline | Phase 3 | Various | |
| Nanocovax | Recombinant vaccine (Spike protein) | Nanogen Biopharmaceutical | Phase 3 | Military Medical Academy (Vietnam) | |
| V-01 | Recombinant protein vaccine | Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Gaozhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Zhuhai Livzonumab Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | Phase 3 | Livzon Mabpharm Inc. | |
| Razi Cov Pars | Recombinant vaccine (Spike protein) | Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute | Phase 3 | Tehran Rasoul Akram Hospital; Karaj, Hesarak, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute | |
| GBP510 | Nanoparticle vaccine | SK bioscience Co., Ltd.; GSK; University of Washington; CEPI | Phase 3 | Various | |
| CVnCoV | mRNA-based vaccine | CureVac; GSK | Phase 2b/3 | CureVac | |
| Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine | Live-attenuated vaccine | University of Melbourne and Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Radboud University Medical Center; Faustman Lab at Massachusetts General Hospital | Phase 2/3 | University of Melbourne and Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Radboud University Medical Center; Faustman Lab at Massachusetts General Hospital | |
| INO-4800 | DNA vaccine (plasmid) | Inovio Pharmaceuticals; Advaccine | Phase 2/3 | Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Kansas City. Mo.; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia | |
| No name announced | Adenovirus-based vaccine | ImmunityBio; NantKwest | Phase 2/3 | ||
| UB-612 | Multitope peptide-based vaccine | Vaxxinity | Phase 2/3 | United Biomedical Inc. (UBI) | |
| GRAd-COV2 | Adenovirus-based vaccine | ReiThera; Leukocare; Univercells | Phase 2/3 | Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases | |
| SCB-2019 | Protein subunit vaccine | GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Dynavax and Xiamen Innovax; CEPI | Phase 2/3 | Linear Clinical Research (Australia) | |
| BBV154 | Intranasal vaccine | Bharat Biotech | Phase 2/3 | Various |