Table 3.
Glucoregulatory factors, body composition and CVD risk markers
| TRF group | Control group | pa | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wk0 | Wk12 | Change | Wk0 | Wk12 | Change | ||
| HbA1c (%) | 8.68 ± 1.21 | 7.14 ± 0.89 | − 1.54% ± 0.19 | 8.34 ± 1.09 | 7.68 ± 0.98 | − 0.66% ± 0.16 | < 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 9.73 ± 1.38 | 8.26 ± 0.86 | − 1.47 ± 0.25 | 9.54 ± 1.26 | 8.76 ± 1.02 | − 0.78 ± 0.21 | < 0.001 |
| Insulin (mIU/L) | 8.83 ± 1.19 | 8.40 ± 0.92 | − 0.43 ± 0.18 | 8.84 ± 1.17 | 8.83 ± 0.96 | − 0.01 ± 0.02 | 0.03 |
| HOMA-β | 3.09 ± 0.64 | 3.82 ± 0.65 | 0.73 ± 0.21 | 3.16 ± 0.52 | 3.43 ± 0.66 | 0.27 ± 0.10 | 0.005 |
| HOMA-IR | 3.71 ± 0.68 | 3.20 ± 0.72 | − 0.51 ± 0.08 | 3.65 ± 0.73 | 3.53 ± 0.83 | − 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.02 |
| Body weight (kg) | 75.06 ± 4.42 | 72.08 ± 3.98 | − 2.98 ± 0.43 | 74.68 ± 4.35 | 73.85 ± 4.26 | − 0.83 ± 0.32 | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26.42 ± 1.96 | 24.78 ± 1.43 | − 1.64 ± 0.38 | 26.08 ± 2.14 | 25.66 ± 2.08 | − 0.42 ± 0.24 | < 0.001 |
| MES total | 2.12 ± 0.76 | 1.46 ± 0.43 | − 0.66 ± 0.17 | 2.04 ± 0.87 | 1.83 ± 0.54 | − 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.006 |
| MES OHA | 1.72 ± 0.89 | 1.39 ± 0.56 | − 0.33 ± 0.27 | 1.74 ± 0.46 | 1.65 ± 0.44 | − 0.09 ± 0.24 | 0.01 |
| MES Insulin | 1.97 ± 0.62 | 1.65 ± 0.52 | − 0.32 ± 0.26 | 1.91 ± 0.33 | 1.80 ± 0.29 | − 0.11 ± 0.24 | 0.02 |
| SF-12 | 63.56 ± 8.18 | 69.48 ± 7.09 | 5.92 ± 1.38 | 62.78 ± 7.49 | 64.49 ± 8.87 | 1.71 ± 1.41 | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/L) | 2.59 ± 1.22 | 2.36 ± 1.18 | − 0.23 ± 0.08 | 2.46 ± 1.18 | 2.33 ± 1.16 | − 0.13 ± 0.06 | 0.03 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 5.56 ± 1.10 | 5.24 ± 1.05 | − 0.32 ± 0.07 | 5.32 ± 1.10 | 5.17 ± 1.05 | − 0.15 ± 0.06 | 0.01 |
| LDL-c (mmol/L) | 3.67 ± 1.24 | 3.25 ± 1.19 | − 0.42 ± 0.13 | 3.57 ± 1.04 | 3.36 ± 0.88 | − 0.21 ± 0.13 | 0.02 |
| HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.24 ± 0.31 | 1.08 ± 0.29 | − 0.16 ± 0.04 | 1.19 ± 0.34 | 1.04 ± 0.36 | − 0.15 ± 0.05 | 0.33 |
Data are the means ± SDs
HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-β, homeostasis model of assessment-estimated β function; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model of assessment-estimated insulin resistance; BMI, body mass index; MES, medication effects score (MES = (actual drug dose/maximum drug dose) * drug mean adjustment factor); OHA, oral hypoglycaemic agents; TG, triglyceride; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-c; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
aObtained from repeated measures ANOVA