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. 2021 Oct 8;12:104. doi: 10.1186/s40104-021-00627-6

Fig. 7.

Fig. 7

Proposed mechanism for how HS and 25-OH-D3 regulate bone mass. HS leads to decreased bone mass caused by reduced Ca absorption, disturbed microbiota, increased systemic inflammation, and induces bone resorption evidenced by the increased frequency and activity of osteoclast in bone marrow. Furthermore, dietary 25-OH-D3 treatment promotes Ca absorption, enhances intestinal integrity, and exertes ant-inflammatory properties, and consequently reverses tibia quality deterioration induced by HS