Table 1.
Participant Characteristics. Unless Otherwise Stated, Values Denote Means, and Values in Brackets Denote Standard Deviations. THW = Traditional Health Warning; C19HW = COVID-19 Health Warning; LT = lifetime; SJWS = Shiffman-Jarvik Withdrawal Scale; FTND = Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence; DDT = Delay Discounting Task. Mean Hours Since Last Cigarette Variable was Biased by Infrequent Smokers Responses, Thus we Calculated the Proportion of Smokers who had Smoked in the Past 2, 12 and 24 Hours to Present the Distribution of Data. COVID-19 Risk Pre-Knowledge Refers to the Proportion of Participants who Reported Having Knowledge of the Link Between COVID-19 Mortality and Smoking Prior to the Survey. Significance was Computed Using Between Subjects T-Tests or Chi-Squared Tests. Bayes Factors were Computed Using Non-Directional Two-Sided Between-Subjects Comparison with Default Prior (Cauchy = .707). Bayes Factors Below .33 Denote Sensitive Data Showing Evidence for the Null
| THW group (n = 121) |
C19HW group (n = 119) |
Cohen’s d | p-value | Bayes factor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 35.15 (12.10) | 36.50 (12.50) | .11 | .394 | .20 |
| Gender (M/F) | 61/60 | 59/60 | - | .999 | .16 |
| Cigarettes per day | 10.96 (7.39) | 10.98 (7.52) | .02 | .856 | .14 |
| Start age | 17.81 (5.44) | 17.10 (3.10) | –.16 | .216 | .29 |
| LT Quit attempts | 3.96 (3.01) | 4.75 (4.50) | –.21 | .112 | .47 |
| Hours since last cigarette | 83.75 (661.68) | 36.63 (223.48) | –.01 | .462 | .18 |
| Smoked in past 2 h (smoked/total) | 82/121 | 72/119 | - | .241 | .30 |
| Smoked in past 12 h (smoked/total) | 99/121 | 92/119 | - | .386 | .19 |
| Smoked in past 24 h (smoked/total) | 108/121 | 104/119 | - | .653 | .11 |
| Electronic cigarette user (user/total) | 35/121 | 36/119 | - | .822 | .15 |
| SJWS | 3.20 (.64) | 3.26 (.75) | .07 | .510 | .16 |
| FTND | 3.19 (2.38) | 3.27 (2.44) | .04 | .780 | .15 |
| COVID-19 risk pre- knowledge | 94/121 | 89/119 | – | .598 | .16 |
| DDT k-value | .04 (.05) | .04 (.05) | –.02 | .907 | .14 |