Table 1.

Description of nurses and differences in their HADS scores: cases with Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) scores ≥11 and continuous scores (Kruskal–Wallis tests, K–W)

		Tower Health, PA: Nurses							UMC: Nurses
		Total	Anxiety		K-W test continuous score	Depression		K-W test continuous score	Total	Anxiety		K-W test continuous score	Depression		K-W test continuous score
			case			case				case			Case
		N	N	%	(P-value)	N	%	(P-value)	N	N	%	(P-value)	N	%	(P-value)
Gender	Female	576	194	33.7	0.9	65	11.28	0.03	50	20	40.0	0.4	5	10.0	0.9
	Male	44	16	36.4		12	27.27		11	4	36.4		2	18.0
	Other	3	1	33.3		0	0
Race	Some Other Race	17	6	35.3	0.8	3	17.65	1.0	15	8	53.3	0.8	1	6.7	0.4
	Black or African American	20	5	25.0		2	10		4	1	25.0		0	0
	Hispanic White	14	5.0	35.7		0	0.0		7	2	28.6		1	14.3
	Non-Hispanic White	572	195.0	195.0		72	12.59		35	13	37.1		5	14.3
Marital status	Married, or living as married	468	150	32.1	0.2	53	11.3	0.06	41	17	41.5	1.0	7	17.1	0.6
	Single	100	38	38.0		14	14.0		10	4	40.0		0	0.0
	Widowed, divorced	55	23	41.8		10	18.2		10	3	30.0		0	0.0
Children	Yes	284	100	35.2	0.6	37	13.0	1	25	9	36.0	0.5	1	4.0	0.2
<18 years living in your household	No	339	111	32.7		40	11.8		36	15	41.7		6	16.7
Registered Nurse	Yes	575	196	34.1	0.6	71	12.4	0.4	60	23	38.3	0.2	6	10.0	0.2
	No	48	15	31.3		6	12.5		1	1	100.0		1	100.0
Recent week
One-on-one contact with patients	Yes	571	201	35.2	0.09	70	12.3	0.2	51	22	43.1	0.4	6	11.8	0.8
	No	52	10	19.2		7	13.5		10	2	20.0		1	10.0
Setting of patinet contact	ER	51	15	29.4	0.4	9	17.7	0.7	7	4	57.1	0.9	0	0	0.6
	Inpatient	316	117	37.0		38	12		29	12	41.4		3	10.3
	outpatient	102	30	29.4		9	8.8		3	1	33.3		0	0
	Other	102	39	38.2		14	13.7		12	5	41.7		3	25
Since start of epidemic
Contact with COVID-19 patients	Do not know	39	15	38.46	0.02	5	12.82	0.2	3	1	33.3	0.9	1	33.3	0.6
	No	96	20	20.83		10	12.99		7	2	28.6		0	0
	Yes	488	176	36.07		62	12.7		51	21	41.2		6	11.8
Aerosol-generating procedure with COVID-19 patient	Yes	313	122	39.0	0.05	45	14.4	0.5	36	16	44.4	0.2	5	13.9	0.9
	No	310	89	28.7		32	10.3		25	8	32.0		2	8
Believe infected	Yes	174	77	44.3	0.0001	30	17.2	0.0001	15	9	60.0	0.03	3	20	0.03
	No	449	134	29.8		47	10.5		46	15	32.6		7	8.7
Unwell for 2 consecutiv days	Yes	191	81	42.4	0.0001	23	16.8	0.0006	34	16	47.0	0.1	6	17.7	0.001
	No	432	130	30.1		45	10.4		37	8	29.6		1	3.7
Tested positive for COVID-19	Yes	10	5	50.0	0.2	1	10	0.2	6	4	66.7	0.09	1	16.7	0.2
	No	33	11	33.3		6	18.2		6	3	50.0		2	33.3
	Not tested	580	195	33.6		70	12		49	17	34.7		4	8.2
Pre-epidemic health
Asthma	Treated or had attack within a year of start of epidemic	98	39	39.8	0.4	14	14.3	0.1	11	6	54.6	0.3	2	18.2	0.7
	Diagnosed but controlled	54	14	25.9		8	14.8		4	1	25.0		0	0
	None	471	158	33.6		55	11.7		46	17	40.0		5	10.9
COPD or emphysema	Yes	7	2	28.6	0.9	2	28.6	0.9	4	3	75.0	0.09	1	25.0	0.05
	No	616	209	33.9		75	12.2		57	21	36.8		6	10.5
Anxiety or Depression (history)	Yes	289	119	41.2	0.0001	47	16.3	0.0001	19	10	52.6	0.07	4	21	0.2
	No	334	92	27.5		30	9		42	14	33.3		3	7.1
Anxiety: treated within a year of start of epidemic	Yes	139	67	48.2	0.0001	30	21.6	0.0001	7	5	71.4	0.01	2	28.6	0.2
	No	484	144	29.8		47	9.7		54	19	35.2		5	9.3
Depression: treated within a year of start of epidemic	Yes	126	64	50.8	0.0001	28	22.2	0.0001	11	6	54.6	0.4	2	18.2	0.7
	No	497	147	29.6		49	9.9		50	18	36.0		5	10
Other chronic conditions	Yes	159	56	35.2	0.7	27	17	0.2	22	8	36.4	0.3	2	9.1	0.7
	No	464	155	33.4		50	10.8		39	16	41.0		5	12.8