Table 2.
Description of physicians and differences in their HADS scores: cases with Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) scores ≥11 and continuous scores (Kruskal–Wallis tests, K–W)
| Tower Health, PA: Physicans | UMC: Physicians | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Anxiety | K–W test continuous score | Depression | K–W test continuous score | Total | Anxiety | K–W test continuous score | Depression | K–W test continuous score | ||||||
| case | case | case | Case | ||||||||||||
| N | N | % | (P-value) | N | % | (P-value) | N | N | % | (P-value) | N | % | (P-value) | ||
| Gender | Female | 66 | 17 | 25.8 | 0.002 | 4 | 6.1 | 0.006 | 16 | 4 | 25.0 | 0.03 | 1 | 6.3 | 0.008 |
| Male | 69 | 9 | 13.0 | 3 | 4.4 | 34 | 2 | 5.9 | 1 | 2.9 | |||||
| Other | 0 | ||||||||||||||
| Race | Some Other Race | 29 | 6 | 20.7 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 11 | 1 | 9.1 | 0.2 | 1 | 9.1 | 0.2 |
| Black or African American | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | |||||||||
| Hispanic white | 7 | 1.0 | 14.3 | 0 | 0.0 | 2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 98 | 18.0 | 18.4 | 7 | 7.1 | 37 | 5 | 13.5 | 1 | 2.7 | |||||
| Marital status | Married, or living as married | 120 | 22.0 | 18.3 | 0.3 | 5 | 4.2 | 0.7 | 39 | 6 | 15.4 | 0.3 | 2 | 5.1 | 0.8 |
| Single | 8 | 3.0 | 37.5 | 0 | 0.0 | 7 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||||
| Widowed, divorced | 7 | 1.0 | 14.3 | 2 | 28.6 | 4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |||||
| Children | Yes | 70 | 13.0 | 18.6 | 0.6 | 5 | 7.7 | 0.5 | 21 | 2 | 9.5 | 0.8 | 1 | 4.8 | 0.2 |
| <18 years living in your household | No | 65 | 13.0 | 20.0 | 2 | 2.9 | 29 | 4 | 13.8 | 1 | 3.5 | ||||
| Recent week | |||||||||||||||
| One-on-one contact with patients | Yes | 128 | 24 | 18.8 | 0.5 | 5 | 3.9 | 0.2 | 50 | ||||||
| No | 7 | 2 | 28.6 | 2 | 28.6 | 0 | |||||||||
| Setting of patient contact | ER | 9 | 3 | 33.3 | 0.4 | 1 | 11.1 | 0.5 | 5 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 |
| inpatient | 31 | 4 | 12.9 | 1 | 3.2 | 16 | 1 | 6.3 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| outpatient | 37 | 5 | 13.5 | 2 | 5.4 | 11 | 1 | 9.1 | 1 | 9.1 | |||||
| other | 51 | 12 | 23.5 | 1 | 2 | 18 | 4 | 22.2 | 1 | 5.6 | |||||
| Since start of epidemic | |||||||||||||||
| Contact with COVID-19 patients | Do not know | 6 | 2 | 33.3 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.04 | ||
| No | 38 | 7 | 18.4 | 3 | 7.9 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Yes | 91 | 17 | 18.7 | 4 | 4.4 | 28 | 5 | 17.9 | 2 | 7.1 | |||||
| Aerosol-generating procedure with COVID-19 patient | Yes | 54 | 11 | 20.4 | 0.7 | 2 | 3.7 | 0.5 | 22 | 1 | 4.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 |
| No | 81 | 15 | 18.5 | 5 | 6.2 | 43 | 5 | 11.6 | 2 | 4.7 | |||||
| Believe infected | Yes | 28 | 8 | 28.6 | 0.02 | 2 | 7.1 | 0.1 | 14 | 5 | 35.7 | 0.07 | 2 | 14.3 | 0.05 |
| No | 107 | 18 | 16.8 | 5 | 4.7 | 36 | 1 | 2.8 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Unwell for 2 consecutiv days | Yes | 24 | 10 | 41.7 | 0.02 | 3 | 12.5 | 0.02 | 19 | 3 | 15.8 | 0.5 | 2 | 10.5 | 0.8 |
| No | 111 | 16 | 14.4 | 4 | 3.6 | 31 | 3 | 9.7 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| Tested positive for COVID-19 | Yes | 1 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 |
| No | 8 | 2 | 25.0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 40.0 | 1 | 20 | |||||
| Not tested | 126 | 24 | 19.0 | 7 | 5.6 | 42 | 4 | 9.5 | 1 | 2.4 | |||||
| Pre-epidemic health | |||||||||||||||
| Asthma | Treated or had attack within a year of start of epidemic | 15 | 2 | 13.3 | 0.9 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 |
| Diagnosed but controlled | 8 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
| None | 112 | 24 | 21.4 | 7 | 6.3 | 44 | 6 | 13.6 | 2 | 4.6 | |||||
| COPD or emphysema | Yes | 2 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 2 | 0 | 0.03 | 0 | ||||||
| No | 133 | 26 | 19.6 | 7 | 5.3 | 50 | |||||||||
| Anxiety or Depression (history) | Yes | 43 | 12 | 27.9 | 0.1 | 4 | 9.3 | 0.5 | 6 | 3 | 50.0 | 0.02 | 1 | 16.7 | 0.002 |
| No | 92 | 14 | 15.2 | 3 | 3.3 | 41 | 3 | 6.8 | 1 | 2.3 | |||||
| Anxiety: treated within a year of start of epidemic | Yes | 22 | 6 | 27.2 | 0.2 | 3 | 13.6 | 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 100.0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 |
| No | 113 | 20 | 17.0 | 4 | 3.5 | 49 | 5 | 10.0 | 2 | 4.1 | |||||
| Depression: treated within a year of start of epidemic | Yes | 17 | 4 | 23.5 | 0.1 | 2 | 11.8 | 0.4 | 2 | 1 | 50.0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.06 |
| No | 118 | 22 | 18.6 | 5 | 4.2 | 48 | 5 | 10.4 | 2 | 4.2 | |||||
| Other chronic conditions | Yes | 44 | 9 | 20.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 10 | 2 | 20.0 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 |
| No | 91 | 17 | 18.7 | 6 | 6.6 | 40 | 4 | 10.0 | 2 | 5 |