Table 2.
Influence of risk factors on all-cause mortality and progression into the next more advanced stage (critical [CR]-phase) in COVID-19 patients in the complicated (CO)-phase with procalcitonin levels ≤ 0.5 ng/ml (PCT↓)
| n = 996 | All-cause mortality (death from any cause incl. COVID-19) n = 138 |
Progression into next more advanced stage (CR-phase) n = 185 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Univariate | Multivariate OR [CI] | n (%) | Univariate | Multivariate OR [CI] | |
| Antibiotic treatment | ||||||
| Yes (n = 602, 60%) | 99 (16%) | Ref | 121 (20%) | Ref | ||
| No (n = 394, 40%) | 39 (10%) | 64 (16%) | ||||
| NA (n = 0) | ||||||
| p value | 0.0036 | n.s | 0.13 | n.s | ||
| Gender | ||||||
| M (n = 588, 59%) | 85 (14%) | Ref | 131 (22%) | Ref | ||
| F (n = 408, 41%) | 53 (13%) | 0.7 [0.4–1.0] | 54 (13%) | 0.5 [0.4–0.7] | ||
| NA (n = 0) | ||||||
| p value | 0.58 | 0.039 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Age | ||||||
| 18–55 (n = 259, 26%) | 5 (2%) | Ref | 45 (17%) | Ref | ||
| 56–75 (n = 373, 37%) | 37 (10%) | 4.6 [1.8–12.1] | 78 (21%) | |||
| > 75 (n = 364, 37%) | 96 (26%) | 13.0 [5.1–33.4] | 62 (17%) | |||
| NA (n = 0) | ||||||
| p value | < 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.35 | n.s | ||
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||||||
| 0–2 (n = 768, 77%) | 69 (9%) | Ref | 133 (17%) | Ref | ||
| 3–4 (n = 144, 14%) | 42 (29%) | 2.5 [1.6–3.9] | 34 (24%) | |||
| > 4 (n = 84, 8%) | 27 (32%) | 2.7 [1.5–4.6] | 18 (21%) | |||
| NA (n = 0) | ||||||
| P value | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.15 | n.s | ||
m male, f female, age in years, NA missing values, p value p value for the univariate or multivariate analysis; for the multivariate logistic regression analysis the influence variables gender, age, CCI were included (after backward selection for p > 0.05), n.s. not significant in the multivariate analysis, CI 95% confidence interval, OR odds ratio, Ref reference category