Table 4.

Influence of risk factors on all-cause mortality and progression into the next more advanced stage (complicated [CO]-phase) in COVID-19 patients in the uncomplicated (UC)-phase with procalcitonin levels > 0.5 ng/ml (PCT↑)

n = 150	All-cause mortality (death from any cause incl. COVID-19) n = 25	Progression into next more advanced stage (CO-phase) n = 55
Antibiotic treatment
Yes (n = 104, 69%)	20 (19% CI 12.2–28.1)	42 (40% CI 30.9–50.5)
No (n = 46, 31%)	5 (11% CI 3.6–23.6)	13 (28% CI 16.0–43.5)
p (p-mult)	0.24 (n.s.)	0.20 (n.s.)
Gender
M (n = 95, 63%)	18 (19% CI 11.6–28.3)	37 (39% CI 29.1–49.5)
F (n = 55, 37%)	7 (13% CI 5.3–24.5)	18 (33% CI 20.7–46.7)
p (p-mult)	0.37 (n.s.)	0.49 (n.s.)
Age
18–55 (n = 52, 35%)	3 (6% CI 1.2–15.9)	12 (23% CI 12.5–36.8)
56–75 (n = 61, 41%)	7 (11% CI 4.7–22.2)	24 (39% CI 27.1–52.7)
> 75 (n = 37, 25%)	15 (41% CI 24.8–57.9)	19 (51% CI 34.4–68.1)
p (p-mult)	< 0.001 (< 0.001)	0.020 (0.020)
Charlson Comorbidity Index
0–2 (n = 94, 63%)	12 (13% CI 6.8–21.2)	34 (36% CI 26.5–46.7)
3–4 (n = 30, 20%)	6 (20% CI 7.7–28.6)	12 (40% CI 22.7–59.4)
> 4 (n = 26, 17%)	7 (27% CI 11.6–47.8)	9 (35% CI 17.2–55.7)
p (p-mult)	0.19 (n.s.)	0.91 (n.s.)

m male, f female, age in years, p p value of the univariate analysis, p-mult p value for the multivariate logistic regression analysis with the multiple influence variables antibiotics, gender, age, CCI (after backward selection for p > 0.05), n.s. not significant in the multivariate analysis, CI 95% confidence interval