Table 1.
Overview of recently published studies on prevalence rates. Studies are grouped by design and listed in chronological order
| Study | Country | Study time | N | Age | Type of study | Criteria | Prevalence | Anorexia Nervosa | Bulimia Nervosa |
| Systematic review | |||||||||
| Lindvall Dahlgren et al., 2017 [35] | Worldwide | 2012-2017 | 19 studies Range 496–22,397 | 11 and older | Two-stage design studies | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 1.7–3.6% ♂ 0.1% (1 study) | NR |
| Point | ♀ 0.7–1.2% ♂ 0.1% (1 study) | ♀ 0.6% (2 studies) | |||||||
| Interview-based studies | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 0.8–1.9% | ♀ 2.6% (1 study) | |||||
| Self-report studies | DSM-5 | Point | ♀ 0.06–1.2% | ♀ 0.5–8.7% | |||||
| Galmiche et al., 2019 [28] | Worldwide | 2000-2018 | 94 studies Range 111–248,558 | 8 and older | Systematic review | DSM-III-R DSM-IV DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 0.1–3.6% ♂ 0–0.3% | ♀ 0.3–4.6% ♂ 0.1–1.3% |
| Qian et al., 2021 [29] | Worldwide | 1984-2017 | 33 studies 315,877 | 15 and older | Systematic review and meta-analysis | DSM-III DSM-III-R DSM-IV DSM-5 ICD-10 | Lifetime | ♀ 0.6% (95% CI 0.3–1.1) ♂ 0.04% (95%CI 0.01–0.1) | ♀ 1.2% (95% CI 0.7–1.9) ♂ 0.4% (95%CI 0.2–0.7) |
| DSM-5 | Lifetime | 0.9% (95%CI 0.7–1.1) | 1.4% (95%CI 0.0–6.3) | ||||||
| DSM-III DSM-III-R DSM-IV DSM-5 ICD-10 | 12-month | ♀ 0.03% (95%CI 0.0–0.06) ♂ 0.01% (95%CI 0.0–0.02) | ♀ 0.3% (95%CI 0.1–0.6) ♂ 0.09% (95%CI 0.02–0.2) | ||||||
| DSM-5 | 12-month | 0.04% (95%CI 0.02–0.06) | 0.1% (1 study) | ||||||
| Two-stage design | |||||||||
| Micali et al., 2017a[36▪▪] | UK | 2009-2012 | 5,658 | Mean: 47.8 (SD 4.5) | Two-stage design | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 3.6% (95%CI 2.8–4.7) | ♀ 2.2% (95%CI 1.7–2.7) |
| 12-month | ♀ 0.2% (95%CI 0.2–0.5) | ♀ 0.4% (95%CI 0.2–0.7) | |||||||
| Interview-based | |||||||||
| Hay et al., 2017b[37] | Australia | 2014-2015 | 5,737 | 15 and older | Interview-based | DSM-5 | 3-month | 0.4–0.5% | 1.1–1.2% |
| Udo and Grilo, 2018a,b[38▪] | USA | 2012-2013 | 36,306 | 18 and older | Interview-based | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 1.4% (SE 0.1) ♂ 0.1% (SE 0.04) | ♀ 0.5% (SE 0.06) ♂ 0.08% (SE 0.03) |
| 12-month | ♀ 0.08% (SE 0.03) ♂ 0.01% (SE 0.01) | ♀ 0.2% (SE 0.05) ♂ 0.05% (SE 0.02) | |||||||
| Chen et al., 2019 [39] | Taiwan | 2015-2017 | 4,816 | 7-14 | Interview-based | DSM-5 | Lifetime | 0.2% (95%CI 0.0–0.4) | NR |
| 6-month | 0.2% (95%CI 0.0–0.4) | NR | |||||||
| Mohammadi et al., 2020 [40] | Iran | 2016-2018 | 27,111 | 6-18 | Interview-based | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 0.1% (95%CI 0.06–0.2) | ♀ 0.1% (95%CI 0.07–0.2) ♂ 0.02% (95%CI 0.01–0.08) |
| Silen et al. 2020 [11▪] | Finland | 2006-2009 | 1,347 | Mean 22.4 (SD 0.7) | Interview-based | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 6.2% (95%CI 4.6–8.3) ♂ 0.3% (95%CI 0.08–1.3) | ♀ 2.4% (95%CI 1.5–3.9) ♂ 0.2% (95%CI 0.02–1.1) |
| Bagaric et al., 2020b[47▪▪] | Australia | 2017 | 2,977 | Mean 53.9 (SD 19.1) | Interview-based | DSM-5 | Lifetime | NR | ♀ 2.6% (95%CI 2.1–3.2) ♂ 1.2% (95%CI 0.9–1.7) |
| Point | NR | ♀ 0.8% (95%CI 0.5–1.2) ♂ 0.4% (95%CI 0.2–0.7) | |||||||
| Self-report | |||||||||
| Ernst et al., 2017a[41] | Germany | 2009 | 1,654 | Mean: 13.4 (SD 5.8) | Self-report | DSM-5 | Point | 0.3% (95%CI 0.1–0.7) | 0.4% (95%CI 0.2–0.8) |
| Glazer et al., 2019 [42] | USA | 1996-2013 | 9,031 | Mean at baseline: 11.6 (SD 1.6) | Self-report | DSM-5 | Lifetime | ♀ 1.6% | ♀ 2.1% |
| Mitchison et al., 2020 [43] | Australia | 2017 | 5,191 | 11-19 | Self-report | DSM-5 | Point | ♀ 1.3% ♂ 0.0% | ♀ 7.7% ♂ 1.8% |
a
included in Galmiche et al., 2019.
b
included in Qian et al., 2021.
CI, confidence interval; NR, not reported; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error.